Glacial Phenomena of Canada, 337 



submergence also extended to the Laurentine and other mountain- 

 chains in the eastern part of North America. 



Allowing that the striations on the eastern flank of the great 

 range were made by floating ice, it still does not follow that in the 

 interior there should be no traces of glaciers in the narrow valleys 

 on the opposite watershed, — -such glaciers, if they ever existed, being 

 like some of those in North Wales, of later date than the emergence 

 of the country from the drift sea. I had an opportunity of testing 

 this. In the gorge close to the south shore of the little lakes, the 

 striations still run W. 10° N, ; and below that point the valley, 

 descending westward from 5° to 10°, is covered with boulders of 

 Catskill sandstone (see fig. 3). About a mile and a half down at 

 the Falls of Catskill, the valley suddenly deepens ; and about two 

 miles further it curves round to the S. E. and finally the stream 

 escapes from the Catskill Range, and flows towards the Hudson. 

 On either side the valley is bounded by high steep slopes and abrupt 

 cliffs ; and the height and form of the ground is such that, under 



Fig. 4. — Section of the Valley below the Falls of Catskill 

 showing boulder-drift covering its sides. 



N. S. 



1. Drift. 2. Red Sandstone and Conglomerate. 



favourable circumstances, it seemed as well adapted for the forma 

 tion of a glacier as many of the valleys of North Wales, had the 

 conditions for such a result been alike propitious. But the evi- 

 dence is opposed to any such conclusions. I saw no well-marked 

 roches moutonnees, no traces of moraines ; and the forest-clad slopes 

 are mostly covered with deep local gravel and boulder-drift, many 

 of the stones in which ".re scratched. Had a glacier existed there 

 since the drift-period, the drift would have been ploughed out of the 

 valley by the glacier, in the manner that it was removed by the 

 glaciers of the Passes of Lanberie and Nant Francon in North 



Canadian Nat. 2 Vol. IV. No. 5. 



