BRYOZOA OF THE PHILIPPINE REGIOX 71 



nutiiig as far back as the Cretaceous they persist still in the equatorial 

 zone of the recent seas. 



Jullien, 1881, classed most of the Cretaceous species of Quadri- 

 ceUaria in his genus Smittipora but D'Orbigny's name has priority. 



The number of specimens obtained is not large enough for us to 

 affirm definitely the absence of ovicells. While waiting more infor- 

 mation, it appears best to introduce this genus into the group of 

 Mrmbraniporae without ovicell. 



Genus CUPULADRIA Canu and Bassler, 1920 



The genotype Cupuladria canadensis Busk, 1859, has been studied 

 in detail by Waters, 1921, who has made known some remarkable 

 structures in sectioning decalcified specimens. The zoarium is 

 formed essentially of small juxtaposed prisms containing a certain 

 number of small parallel and superposed chambers. The basal 

 structure has a series of parallel chambers filled with a granular sub- 

 stance and having a connection from each chamber to its neighbors 

 through rosette-plates. The lateral walls are parallel with the axis 

 of the zoarium. These chambers are partly shown by Busk in liis 

 L. canariensis.* The cells of the chambers, as well as of the zooecial 

 and vibracular chambers, are lined by large square flat cells with a 

 small nucleus. "These large cells seem to occur generally in the 

 Selenariidae." "In whole stained preparations these chambers can 

 be seen at the base forming squares or rectangles yet in many cases 

 the calcareous zoarium shows no sign of these squares, but only the 

 radial ridges meeting in the center of the lower wall." "These 

 chambers must surely be homologous with those of Conescharellina 

 even though the shape is somewhat different" (Waters 1921). 



These small superposed chambers are restricted to the genotype 

 as all of the other species that we have sectioned do not have them. 

 They are replaced by canalicules analogous to those that Waters 

 has noted in Trochopora and in Selenaria. But the small juxtaposed 

 prisms are on the contrary very constant; they coincide probably 

 with the small polygonal compartments visible on the inner face of 

 the zoarium and which characterize the genus. 



The inner face is ornamented with tuberosities sometimes grouped 

 on the radial ribs; with small pores more or less apparent; they serve 

 to differentiate the species. The tangential section is therefore very 

 important in classification. Unfortunately we have discovered this 

 too late and we have not had opportunity to section all of the. species 

 discovered. 



The zoarial structure of all the cupuliform species of bryozoa is 

 therefore very complicated. It reveals a system of adaptation most 



« Crag Polyzoa, pi. 13, fig. 2e. 



