BRYOZOA OF THE PHILIPPINE REGION 189 



Fig. 58.— Family Bugulidae Gray, 1848 



(Explanatory remarks for fig. 58) 



A-C. Posterior, lateral and anterior face of larva, Bugula sabatieri Calvet, 

 1900. D. Free larva viewed in profile of Bugula neritina Linnaeus, 1758. 

 (A-D. After Calvet, 1900.) 



E. Larva in profile of Bugula plumosa Pallas, 1766, showing the exact limits 

 of the cellules of the coronna which extends from the opening op, up to the border 

 of the sheath of the ventouse in order to form all the external covering, X 100. 



F. Anterior face of Bugula plutnosa; commencement of the diffluence showing 

 the opening op which is prolonged into an obscure band ce on each side of the 

 stomach, X75. 



G. Free larva, seen in profile, of Bugula flabellata J. W. Thompson, 1868. 

 The change in symmetry is complete, X 100. 



H. Anterior face of the larva of Bugula flabellata, X75. (E-H. After Barrois, 

 1877.) 



I. Free larva of Bugula turbinata Alder, 1857, seen from the dorsal face nor- 

 mally with relation to the calotte. 



J. Free larva of Bugula turbinata Alder, 1857, viewed from the left lateral face. 



K. Equatorial section of a young embryo of Bugula avicularia Linnaeus, 1758, 

 showing the differentiation of the inferior glandular system; b, vesicular superior 

 collerette; b', inferior vesicular collerette; ba, palettes of pigment spots of the 

 larva; CD, digestive cavity; cal, calotte; c, coronna; obscure portion of cavity of 

 the body comprised between the two branches of the stomach; co, coronna; 

 bl, blastocoele; d, vaginal diaphragm; ectab, aboral ectoderm; epm, mesodermic 

 thickening; est, stomach; fc, ciliated slit; fl, flagellum; fum, neuro-muscular 

 bundle; fo, ventral or oral face; mi, aboral mesoderm; ms, oral (labial) mesoderm; 

 o, orifice of the gastrula; oc, oculiform points; op, orifice; ph, pharynx; plv, 

 vibratile plumet; RV, point of maximum width of the ventouse (border of the 

 ventouse); sp, spermatoblastic morules; sgi, inferior glandular system; sgs, 

 superior glandular system; si, si', internal sack; spa, paleal furrow; ta, pigmentary 

 spots of the larva; vt, ventouse. 



L. Median sagittal section of an embryon of Bugula calathus Norman, 1868. 

 The internal sac is at the beginning of its formation. 



M. Sagittal section of an embryon which has almost attained its complete 

 development. The two glandular systems are quite apparent. The mantle is 

 not yet invaginated. The mesodermic thickening is outlined. 



N. Optic section of an ovicell of Bugula sabatieri Calvet, 1900. (I-N. After 

 Calvet.) bi, inferior bryozoid ( = proximal zooecium); bs, superior bryozoid 

 (= distal zooecium); cu, cuticle; e, embryon; eiv, intervescicular space= cavity 

 of incubation; ep, epidermis; epi, spines; gt, tentacular sheath; mud, dilator 

 muscles of the cavity of incubation; mur, retractor muscles of the frontal wall of 

 the inferior vesicle; o, orifice of communication of the cavity of the inferior vesicle 

 with the general cavity of the inferior bryozoid; oz, zooecial orifice; pc, commu- 

 nication pore; pzf, frontal zooecial wall; voi, inferior ovicell vesicle; vos, superior 

 ovicell vesicle. 



