BRYOZOA OF THE PHILIPPINE REGION 203 



In each genus recognized there are some exceptions and it is very 

 difficult to find a general characteristic. In the following table we 

 have tried to give at least one. 



fl, flagellum; mi, aboral mesoderm; O, orifice; op, large cells; ph, pharynx; P, pos- 

 terior face; gr, masses of grease globules; R, rectum; R, V, point of maximum 

 width of the terminal bud; S, oral face or the vestibule; si, cavity comprised 

 between the corona and the aboral face; sp, spines of cells, pi, ciliary plumet; 

 vt, terminal bud. D. Larva viewed from the left lateral side. E. Larva viewed 

 from the dorsal side of the terminal bud. F. Larva from the ventral or oral 

 side; b, cells of the vesicular superior collarette; ba, palettes with pigmentary 

 spots of the larva; cal, terminal bud; co, corona; fc, ciliated slit; fo, oral face; 

 osi, orifice of internal sac; plv, vibratile plumet; spa, pallial furrow; ta, pigmentary 

 spots of the larva. (D-F. After Calvet, 1900.) 



G-L. Scrupocellaria rcpians Linnaeus, 1758. G. Embryo showing the position 

 of the red pigment spots on the corona, X140. H. Larva, viewed in profile, 

 X200. I. Larva; view of the oral face showing the depression ce and the large 

 cells, op; X150. J. Larva seen from the aboral face; X150. K. First stage of 

 metamorphosis; R, racine; I, primitive bud; P, prominences serving to show 

 attachment; OL, buccal area, X70. L. Primitive partition (ancestrula) ; spines 

 have appeared around the buccal cavity, X70. (G-L, after Barrois, 1877.) 

 (Abbreviations as under S. scruposa). 



M. Caberea boryi Savigny-Audouin, 1826. Median sagittal section of an 

 embryo in a later stage of development; c, mantle; cal, terminal bud; co, corona; 

 d, vaginal diaphragm; fc, ciliated slit, fnm, neuro-muscular bundle; ecto, oral 

 ectoderm; epm, mesoderm thickening; one, central nerve organ of the embryo; 

 pplv, papilla of the vibratile plume; sgi, inferior glandular system; sgs, superior 

 glandular system. (After Calvet, 1900.) 



N, O. Amastigia benemunita Busk, 1884. N. Dorsal face of a zoarium to 

 show the insertion of radicells, X15. O. Zooecia with the detailed anatomy; 

 mo, opercular muscles; mp, parietal muscles, mrp, retractor muscles of the poly- 

 pide; t, tentacles. (N, O, after Jullien, 1889.) 



P. Monartron fuegensis Busk, 1852. Dorsal of a trizooecial segment in which 

 the diminution of activity has accentuated different polypides; the arrangement 

 of the parietal or expulsor muscles (mp) of the polypide is perfectly clear. The 

 superior ligament (Is) shows a rudimentary polypide (pr) which disappears in an 

 inferior ligament (li). (After Jullien, 1888.) 



Q, R. Scrupocellaria inermis Norman, 1868. Q. Anterior surface of a zoarium 

 showing the position of the polypide at the articulation, X25. R. Dorsal sur- 

 face of a zoarium. Transparent preparation showing the method of articulation 

 and the position of the polypMc in the articulating joint. The vibracular cham- 

 bers, and the chambers from which the radical starts are also shown, X25. 

 (Q, R. After Waters, 1896.) 



S-U. Scrupocellaria wasinensis Waters, 1913. S. Zooecia showing the posi- 

 tion of the ovaria (ov), testes (t), rosette-plates (rp) ( = septulae), X85. T. Ovarian 

 cells with protoplasmic threads from the rosette-plates (or septulae), X250. 

 U. Ovaria showing two nucleated ovarian cells, X250. 



V. Scrupocellaria ferox Busk, 1852. Band which starts near the distal end 

 and passes down the side of the zooecium; also small bundle of protoplasmic 

 threads running parallel with the granular band, X250. (S-V. After Waters, 

 1913) 



