366 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



spines large and blunt, and at x the remains of some of the tubercles 

 of the test which grow outward and help support the test which is 

 otherwise very fragile. This gives a large globular test in the adult 

 (pi. 44, fig. 5), from which usually project three spine tips, still hispid 

 if not covered by the hemispherical chambers, the chambers large and 

 rather coarsely punctate. This species seems to be undescribed and 

 will be referred to later. 



Another species (pi. 44, fig. 6), not common in the Philippine ma- 

 terial but very abundant in the Murray Island region of the Great 

 Barrier Reef of Australia and elsewhere, is that which is figured by 

 Brady and others as Tinoporus baculatus. This species, as shown 

 by Carpenter in 1860, has a spiral young, but the spire is continued 

 for but a single whorl when the several spines are produced, and 

 later growth is on the order of Gypsina, covering the test with con- 

 centric layers of small chambers, interspersed with which are bosses 

 of clair solid shell material regularly placed and connected radially 

 with each other. The spines are not hispid but smooth or channeled 

 and are usually four to eight or nine in number. The chambers are 

 much smaller than those of the preceding species, and not so ob- 

 viously punctate, while the reticulate pattern caused by the bosses 

 and their radial connections is always a conspicuous feature. With 

 these six species in hand their generic position becomes a second 

 problem. 



The first name — that of Nautilus — is of course used in mollusca. 

 The next available name — /Siderolites Lamarck — is, according to 

 various authors, the same as Calcarina, and if so would have to be 

 used by rules of priority instead of C alcanna d'Orbigny. It is based, 

 however, upon a fossil species from the chalk of Maestricht, and a 

 study of its structure is necessary to determine its true relations. 

 However, a study of the material from Maestricht shows that 

 Siderolites calcitrapoides is the same generically as the species fig- 

 ured (pi. 45). Sections of the fossil material also show that the 

 characters of the two are very similar. This, therefore, is not the 

 same as Calcarina d'Orbigny, and is not the same as Gmelin's 

 Nautilus spengleri; therefore this name is not available as a generic 

 name for the latter species. Tinoporus Montfort is evidently largely 

 based as far as figure and generic descriptions show on a species of 

 CalcaHna, although the specific descriptions in places as noted by 

 Carpenter and others seems more like the last of our species men- 

 tioned here. His remarks on the color (p. 148), "blanche, flambee 

 et teintee de jaune " would seem more like the last, as this is often 

 yellow or even orange colored. It is evident therefore that the 

 genus Tinoporus is in a seriously mixed condition. As has been 

 shown the figure and generic description evidently refer to a species 

 of Calcarina but whether sufficiently clear to be used is a question. 



