ASCIDIANS OF THE PHILIPPINES VAN NAME. 



139 



regular grains of calcareous matter, broken spicules, etc., among the 

 spicules of the capsules and in the basal parts of most of the colonies. 

 Size of largest colony 70 by 38 mm. across and about 4 mm. thick. 



The constricted part of the body connecting the thorax and abdo- 

 men of the zooid is very short, and when contracted the thorax is 

 drawn down so that it lies partly beside the abdomen and is received 

 within the calcareous capsule ; the entire zooid then does not occupy 

 a length of much over 1 mm. There are strong longitudinal muscles 

 in the mantle to bring about this contraction; on the sides of the 

 thorax they form a number of separate bands, but at the posterior 

 end of the thorax they converge to a single broad band on each 

 side and this spreads out again to a thin sheet on the side of the 

 abdomen. Apertures on tubes (that for the atrial aperture the 

 longer), both with six lobes. 



Tentacles rather numerous, apparently of three orders. Their ar- 

 rangement is difficult to determine in the specimens. 



Dorsal languets not demonstrated. 



Stigmata only moderately numer- 

 ous. Four rows have been repre- 

 sented in figure 92 as the most prob- 

 able number, but the contracted 

 state of the sac prevented counting 

 them. 



There are about a dozen male 

 glands; they are oblong or cuneate figs. 91, 92.— ctstodites philippin- 

 bodies placed radially in a circle, ENSIS ^ ER ° MAN - 9 i' R spICDLES - 



1 J ' X 20. 92, Zooid. X 25. 



the common sperm duct proceeding 



from the center of the group. The ovaries were not made out in 

 the specimens studied, but some of the zooids have large eggs or 

 embryos beneath the mantle. 



This appears to be a common and widely distributed species in 

 shallow water, as it is represented by the following specimens. 



No. 87. Station D510S (off Corregidor Light, Jan. 15, 1908, 13 fathoms, 



coral). Several colonies (Cat. No. 5924, U.S.N.M.). 

 No. 40. Station D5141 (off Jolo Light, Feb. 15, 1908, 29 fathoms, coral 



and sand). Several small colonies (Cat. No. 5923, U.S.N.M.). 

 No. 33. Jolo, Jolo Island, February 11, 1908. One colony (Cat. No. 



5922, U.S.N.M.). 

 No. 22. Station D5174 (off Jolo Light Mar. 5, 1908, 20 fathoms coarse 



sand). One large colony (Cat. No. 5971, U.S.N.M.). 

 No. 106. Station D5149 (off Sirun Island, Sulu Archipelago, Feb. 18, 



1908, 10 fathoms, coral and shells). Several colonies (Cat. 



No. 5972, U.S.N.M.). 



This species was obtained by the Challenger expedition at Zam- 

 boanga, Philippines, in 10 fathoms. The genus Cystodites consists 



