434 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 288 



Color in alcohol. — Dorsum drab-gray, with a faint sepia crossbar 

 between the eyes followed by a squarish wood brown spot extending 

 to shoulders; a paler and larger brown spot across the lumbar region, 

 and a small, more-indistinct one on the sacrum; a pair of prominent 

 narrow clove brown) (-shaped marks behind the eyes; a pair of semi- 

 lunar sepia spots at tip of snout; a pale russet spot on can thus and two 

 diagonal ones from lower eyelid to lip border; supratympanic ridge 

 outlined with clove brown ; upper hind limb surfaces with two or three 

 faint sepia crossbars; an indistinct dark postanal patch; knee with a 

 sepia spot; posterior femur and tibia pale drab with indistinct con- 

 tinuation of the sepia crossbars; side of head drab-gray with darker 

 spots as mentioned above; venter smoke gray and completely covered 

 with minute brown dots; palms of hands and soles of feet dull cream 

 buff, dotted except on the subdigital tubercles; sides of body light 

 drab-gray darkening towards the belly; a group of small sepia spots 

 on glands above armpit and a similar group above groin. 



Remarks. — The type closely resembles USNM 144790 from a tribu- 

 tory of Rio Baud6 on the upper Rio Pepe, Choc6, and USNM 

 146963-5 from Medellin, Antioquia. 



Although Werner in his original description likens frater to unistri- 

 gatus Giinther, it appears to be quite similar to Boulenger's ockendeni. 

 The most apparent differences are as follows: 



[The above was written before the receipt of a paratype of ockendeni 

 kindly loaned by the British Museum. The similarities of the two type 

 specimens in color are very apparent, as the dark spots below the 

 eye and the dark postanal patch are nearly identical in both. But the 

 dark > < shaped marks behind the eyes in frater do not appear in 

 ockendeni, while several structural features separate them, as already 

 outlined.] 



The very large, folded, external vocal pouch in the male of this 

 species suggests its alliance with the gularis group. Its vomerine teeth 

 are very weak (indeed, sometimes nonexistent) and they are slanting 

 and widely separated. The tongue is very wide and long, seeming too 

 large for the small creature's mouth. The snout is not long, but since 

 its sides are straight it gives the impression of being acuminate. 



The skin is often very tubercular, especially on the snout, upper 

 eyelids, and shoulders, while the rest of the back sometimes has a good 



