CERULEAN WARBLER 335 



sort of forest, because they are now moving through the country in 

 little family groups. Now and then will be heard snatches of the 

 spring song. This is but preparatory for their departure from the 

 region, which takes place in the latter part of August ; we liave never 

 seen this warbler after the jQrst week in September. 

 Professor Cooke (1904) writes: 



The cerulean warbler is a i-are migrant in the States along the Atlantic coast, 

 though it has been noted in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. In northeastern 

 Texas and Louisiana it is not uncommon. Its main route of migration seems 

 to cross the Gulf of Mexico chiefly from Louisiana and Mississippi. The species 

 is one of the first to start on the southward migration. By the middle of summer 

 it has reached the Gulf coast and is well on its way to its winter home. At 

 Beauvoir and Bay St. Louis, on the coast of Mississippi, it has appeared in 

 different j'ears on dates ranging from July 12 to 29. For a few days it is 

 common, attaining the height of its abundance about the first week in August. 

 It then passes southward so rapidly that Cherrie was able to record its presence 

 on August 24, 1890, at San Jos6, Costa Rica. By November it reaches central 

 Ecuador. Though the bulk of the birds perform their migration at this early 

 date, some laggards remain behind until late in the season. 



Dr. A. F. Skutch tells me it is "exceedingly rare in Guatemala. 

 * * * I have never seen the cerulean warbler in Central America. 

 In Ecuador, I found a male in the Pastaza Valley, at an altitude of 

 about 4,000 feet, on October 15, 1939. Two days later this warbler 

 had become fairly common in this locality, and I saw several individ- 

 uals. 



Winter. — Says Professor Cooke (1904) : "The cerulean warbler is 

 chiefly found in winter in South America from Panama south to Peru, 

 in which country it seems to have its center of abundance. In western 

 Peru Jelski (Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 508, 1847) 

 found it common at Monterico and other places in the mountains east 

 of Lima at 10,000 to 13,000 feet elevation, always in wandering flocks, 

 which were sometimes quite large and contained both old and young 

 birds." 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — North and South America from southern Canada to Peru 

 and Bolivia. 



Breeding range. — The cerulean warbler breeds north to southern 

 Minnesota (Minneapolis) ; southern Wisconsin (Barahoo Bluffs, 

 Madison, and Racine, possibly as far north as New London) ; central 

 Michigan (Saginaw, Locke, and Detroit) ; southern Ontario (Thed- 

 ford. Plover Mills, Warren, and Delta ; perhaps Manotick) ; and south- 

 ern New York (Lockport, Rochester, Ithaca, Santa Cruz Park, and 

 Wappingers Creek, Dutchess County). East to southeastern New 

 York (Dutchess County) ; rarely northeastern Maryland (Towson) ; 

 southwestern Delaware (Seaford) ; western Virginia (Charlottes- 



