652 BULLETIN 203, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



arew^ chicane, cherwee. Again, on its breeding grounds in Maine, I 

 wrote it as cher, whit, whit, whe'o, or cher, whit, whit, whe'o, whe'o, 

 with many variations, sometimes a continuous warble, but always rich 

 in tone, strongly accented, loud and striking. 



A. D. Du Bois writes it in his notes as te wichi tichy — te wich chu, 

 or te wichi tichi — te wichi wee, or te wich e wee. Francis H. Allen 

 (MS.) writes : "The characteristic song of this warbler is of a warbling 

 character but ends with an emphatic wip. I have been in the habit 

 of writing it (unrealistically) as te-widdle-te-widdle, te-widdle-te- 

 wip\ I once heard one reverse the order of the two parts, singing 

 repeatedly te-widdle-te-wip' , te-widdle-te-widdle. On Jime 2, 1929, 

 in Newton, Mass., I heard one give a continuous performance of 

 singing, one song following another immediately, the whole inter- 

 spersed with chips and short trills. It was restless and flew ahead of 

 me as I walked, finally perching on a small dead limb near the top 

 of a small tree, where it constantly shifted its position as it sang, 

 turning its head tliis way and that, and frequently facing about. It 

 seemed to be in a frenzy of excitement." 



Field marks. — The adult Canada warbler can always be recognized 

 by the plain gray of the upper parts, without any white markings 

 in wings or tail, by its yellow eye ring, and especially, by the pretty 

 necklace of black spots on the yellow breast. The female is marked 

 like the male, but her colors are somewhat duller. The young bird, 

 in Juvenal plumage, is much like the young Wilson's warbler. 



Fall. — The general trend of the fall migration from eastern Canada 

 and New England, is southwestward, and more directly southward 

 from central Canada. Prof essor Cooke (1904) says: 



The birds from the northeastern section of the United States appear to 

 follow the general trend of the mountains to the Gulf Coast, being found 

 iu the fall apparently not east of Mississippi. Thence they cross the Gulf of 

 Mexico to southern Mexico and Guatemala, reaching the Pacific coast at 

 Tehuantepec. They probably then turn southeast and follow the mountains 

 through Costa Rica and Panama to their principal winter home in Ecuador 

 and Peru." 



It is doubtful if all regularly migrate across the Gulf; probably 

 some of them migrate through Texas, for Dr. W. P. Taylor tells me 

 that two were collected in Polk County, on September 7, 1937; they 

 were in cut-over longleaf pine timber; one was in an association of 

 blue-gray gnatcatchers, chickadees, titmice and one Carolina wren; 

 the other was alone in a sweet gum tree near a cornfield. Again, two 

 days later, "this warbler was found to be quite numerous here in the 

 river bottom. Seemed to show little preference for the tall trees over 

 the shrubs, being seen equally often in both. I flushed several off 

 the ground." 



