CANADA WARBLER 653 



Dr. Alexander F. Skutch writes to me: "The Canada warbler is 

 known in Central America only as a rather rare transient, journeying 

 between its breeding ground in the north and its winter home in South 

 America. It has been seen far more often in the fall than in the 

 spring ; and in Costa Eica, although there are a number of fall records, 

 it has apparently never been noted in the spring. On its southward 

 migration through Central America it spreads over both coasts as well 

 as the central highlands up to 6,500 feet or more. The extreme dates 

 of its fall passage are September 8 to October 7 in Guatemala, and 

 to October 20 in Costa Eica. It appears to travel singly rather than in 

 flocks — at least, while resting and feeding it is almost always found 

 alone; and I have only rarely seen two together. At this time it is 

 found either in the woodland or among scattered trees." 



Dickey and van Eossem (1938) write: "The Canada warbler is by 

 no means a common species in El Salvador, even during the height 

 of the migration. All those that were noted were either in forest 

 undergrowth or in the lower levels of foliage. Not one individual 

 was detected during the spring mingrations — a circumstance which 

 indicates that El Salvador is somewhat off the main migration route 

 of this species." 



Winter. — Professor Cooke (1904) gives the following account of 

 this warbler's winter haunts : 



The winter home of the Canadian warbler lies a long distance from Canada. 

 The species is found in greatest abundance in Peru, especially in the northern 

 portion, and in the neighboring regions of southern Ecuador. In these sections 

 it is found through the winter in flocks, which wander over the country on both 

 the eastern and western slopes of the Andes. The extremes of the normal 

 altitudes attained by the bird are 3,700 and 7,000 feet. Most of the records 

 of its occurrence were made at an elevation of 4,000 to 5,000 feet. One specimen 

 was secured at Quito, Ecuador, at 9,500 feet altitude. The extreme south- 

 eastern point at which it has been recorded is in the mountains east of Lima, 

 where Jelski took a male and two females on the eastern slope of the Andes at 

 over 10,000 feet elevation. These individuals were 5,700 miles distant from 

 Labrador by the principal route of migration followed by the species. 



DISTEIBUnON 



Range. — South central and southeastern Canada, eastern United 

 States south to northwestern South America. 



Breeding range. — The Canada warbler breeds north to central 

 eastern Saskatchewan (Hudson Bay Junction and probably Cumber- 

 land House) ; central Manitoba (probably the head of Lake Winni- 

 pegosis) ; central western and northwestern Ontario (Kenora and 

 Moose Factory) ; central Quebec (Mistassini Post, Inlet, Matamek, 

 and Anticosti Island) ; and Newfoundland. East to Newfoundland; 

 Massachusetts (Bristol County) ;Ehode Island (Noyes Beach) ; rarely 



