PACIFIC AUDUBON'S WARBLER 263 



May 2, 1909, on the east side of Lake Washington and along a road, 

 was 30 feet from the ground in a small hemlock, near the extremity of 

 one of the limbs and 7 feet out from the trunk. The other, found 

 May 11, 1913, was in a small fir about 30 feet up and about 4 feet from 

 the trunk on one of the lower limbs. "The nest is a very beautiful 

 structure, constructed outwardly of very small twigs from the fir or 

 hemlock, inside of which are placed smaller ones of the same char- 

 acter, with black rootlets, and lined with feathers, of which a quantity 

 are used, and a few horsehairs. It is a compactly built affair." 

 Dawson and Bowles (1909) say that the nests are placed from 40 to 

 50 feet up, and usually measure 4 inches in width outside by 2% in 

 depth ; and inside 2 by 1^/2 inches. They are made externally of such 

 materials as fir twigs, weed tops, flower pedicels, rootlets, and catkins, 

 and are heavily lined with feathers of various birds — including grouse, 

 ptarmigan or domestic fowls — these feathers often curving upward 

 and inward so as partially to conceal the eggs. 



Dr. J. C. Merrill (1898) found a very different type of nesting near 

 Fort Sherman, Idaho: "Here a majority of the nests I found were 

 in deciduous trees and bushes, generally but a few feet from the 

 ground. One was in a small rose bush growing at the edge of a cut 

 bank overhanging a road where wagons daily passed close to 

 it. * * * Occasionally one was seen in deep woods by the road- 

 side near where hay had been brushed off a load on a passing wagon ; 

 this was utilized for the entire nest except lining, making a conspicu- 

 ous yellow object in the dark green fir or pine in which it was placed." 



P. M. Silloway (1901) found a nest of Audubon's warbler near 

 Flathead Lake, Mont., that was 18 feet from the ground in a fork of 

 a willow. "The fork containing the nest was in a main stem, upright, 

 a number of feet below the leaf-bearing part of the tree, so that the 

 nest was exposed quite fairly to view." H. D. Minot (1880) found 

 one at Seven Lakes, Colo., in an odd situation : "The nest, composed 

 of shreds and feathers, with a few twigs without and hairs within, 

 was built in a dead, bare spruce, about twenty feet from the ground, 

 compressed between the trunk and a piece of bark that was attached 

 beneath and upheld above, where a bough ran through a knot-hole, 

 so compressed that the hollow measures 214 x 1%, and li/^ inches 

 deep." Dr. Chapman (1907) describes a nest from Estes Park, Colo., 

 as "loosely constructed of weed-stems and tops, and strips of bark, 

 lined with fine weeds and horse-hair." 



Mr. Woodbury (MS.) describes Utah nests as "compactly woven, 

 cup-shaped structures, usually of fine grasses, plant fibers or shredded 

 bark, lined with feathers or some substitute, and camouflaged with 

 some fine stringy material holding bracts or other small particles 

 in place." He reports nests in such conifers as spruce, balsam, and 

 ponderosa pine, and in aspen and oak. 



