438 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 221 



38370. Adult (sex not indicated, but apparently male). Laramie Peak, 

 Albany County, Wyoming. May 1864. Collected by Rudolph B. Hitz. 

 Original number 12. 



38372. Adult (sex not indicated, but apparently male). Laramie Peak, 

 Albany County, Wyoming. May 1864. Collected by Rudolph B. Hitz. 



38373. Adult (sex not indicated, but apparently female). Laramie Peak, 

 Albany County, Wyoming. May 1864. Collected by Rudolph B. Hitz. 

 Original number 62. . 



38375. Adult (sex not indicated, but apparently female). Laramie Peak, 

 Albany County, Wyoming. May 1864. Collected by Rudolph B. Hitz. 



Ridgway had ten cotypes (with essentially the same data), Nos. 38366 

 through 38375. No. 38366 seems to have vanished without trace. Nos. 

 38367 and 38371 were sent in 1877 to the Mombusho Museum, Tokyo, and 

 Nos. 38368 and 38374 in the same year to the Zoological Museum, Lisbon. 

 No. 38369 went, in November 1880, to George N. Lawrence, and is perhaps 

 now in the American Museum of Natural History. 



Nos. 38372 and 38373, marked by Ridgway as "Type 3 !" and "Type 

 9 !," were at some time in Ridgway's private collection (with his Nos. 

 1160 and 1161). Their oldest labels are Ridgway's own, with marks of 

 presumed sex written upon them by him. Since each label carries the red 

 tab that represented a type s])ecimen in his collection, it appears that these 

 two were favored above the other eight after they came into his possession. 

 In fact, however, each of the original series was an equivalent cotype. 

 Turclus confinis Baird 



Review of American birds 1 : 29, June 1864. 



=Turdus migratorius confinis Baird. See Hellmayr, Catalogue of birds 

 of the Americas 7: 354, 1934. 



23789. Adult (sex not indicated). "Todos Santos," State of Baja Cali- 

 fornia, Mexico. "Sum[mer]. of 1860" (entered into the museum 

 register on January 18, 1862). Collected by (or for) John Xantus. 



No. 23789 was entered into the museum register as one of a large collection 

 of birds, mainly from Mazatlan, but partly from localities in Baja California. 

 All data on the oldest labels were written by Baird, who was sometimes in 

 doubt as to whether a given specimen came from Mazatlan or Baja Cali- 

 fornia. On the label of No. 23789 he wrote: "Mazatlan?" The word was 

 later struck out by Xantus himself, who then wrote: "Todos Santos, L. Cala." 



We know that Xantus visited Washington during the spring months of 

 1864 (see Hume, Ornithologists of the United States Army Medical Corps, 

 pp. 524-525, 1942), at the very time Baird was preparing his manuscript 

 of the "Review of American Birds" for publication, and it seems probable 

 that Baird discussed the new form with Xantus and asked for information 

 as to its true provenience. Since the bird was never listed in Xantus's field 

 registers, his statement of type locality must have been derived from memory 

 after the passing of several years, and could easily have been erroneous. 

 Grinnell (A Distributional summation of the ornithology of Lower Cali- 



