TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS 591 



Ridgway specified neither type nor type locality, informing us only that 

 he took the measurements of six males and one female, and that his new 

 form ranged from "Guatemala to Costa Rica." Specimens still in the col- 

 lection show that, even without borrowed material, he could have had not 

 less than 24 cotypes, every one of which might be considered equivalent with 

 every other! 



Von Berlepsch (Verb. 5. Internal. Orn.-Kongr. Berlin, p. 1112, 1911 or 

 1912) restricted the type locality to Guatemala, but a MS. memorandum of 

 the late Charles W. Richmond states that "there were no specimens from 

 Guatemala, although Ridgway did include Guatemala in his statement of 

 range." This information could have come to him only from Ridgway, 

 and might be considered just one more instance of the extraordinary care- 

 lessness with which this description was put together; in fact, however, there 

 were a number of Guatemala birds in the collection and, since they were not 

 allocated to some other race, they must have formed part of the series ! 



Presumably at Richmond's suggestion, Ridgway was finally to make No. 

 112103 the lectotype, and he himself wrote "Saltator magnoides medianus" 

 on its red type label. This action really amounted to no more than a restric- 

 tion of type locality, only now published for the first time, and one may 

 wonder whether von Berlepsch's earlier published restriction to Guatemala 

 should not be accepted, in which case the putative cotypes from Guatemala 

 should be here listed. 



Fortunately, since Ridgway's name is certainly a synonym of Lafresnaye's, 

 the restriction of type locality becomes of minor importance. Ridgway's 

 own choice Hes nearer the center of the range covered by his material, and 

 is therefore favored by me. In addition to Ridgway's lectotype, I have here 

 listed only the cotype that is an exact lectotypical topotype. 

 Saltator francescae Lawrence, ex Grayson (ms.) 

 Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 2: 274, Apr. 25, 1874. 

 =Saltator coerulescens vigorsii G. R. Gray. See Hellmayr, Catalogue of 



birds of the Americas 11: 18, 19, 1938. 

 34038. Immature female. Mazatlan, State of Sinaloa, Mexico. Entered 

 into the museum register on June 9, 1864. Collected by Andrew J. 

 Grayson. Original number 47. 

 35024. Immature male. Mazatlan, State of Sinaloa, Mexico. August 1&- 

 (entered into the museum register on Oct. 28, 1864). Collected by 

 Andrew J. Grayson. Original number 279. 

 Saltator pliimbiceps "Baird, MS." Lawrence 



Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York 8: 477 (not earlier than May 13), 1867. 

 ==Saltator coerulescens vigorsii G. R. Gray. See Hellmayr, Catalogue of 



birds of the Americas 11 : 18, 1938. 

 29372. Adult male. Plains of Colima, State of Colima (not Mazatlan, 

 State of Sinaloa), Mexico. January 1863. Collected by John Xantus. 

 Original number 53. 



