FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 133 



depressed pectoral sometimes with obscure dusky bands. Head 

 above dull violet, deepening to lead color on snout. Cheek and 

 opercle silvery, washed with gold. Broad milk-white nuchal collar, 

 dividing on side of head, front branch entering eye and passing 

 obliquely backward to unite with posterior branch, which passes 

 downward along preopercular border; all scales between branches 

 dark chestnut-brown, in strong contrast with rest of head and trunk. 

 Fins colorless. Length, to 328 mm. (Ogilby.) 

 Queensland. 



GYMNOCRANIUS FRENATUS (Bleeker) 



Gymnocranius frenatus Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, No. 3, 

 vol. 13, p. 46, 1873 (type locality: Macassar, Celebes); Atlas Ichth. Ind. 

 Neerland., vol. 8, p. 97, pi. (55)333, fig. 3, 1876-1877 (Celebes). 



Depth 2%; head 3K- Snout 2% in head; eye 2%, 1% in snout, 1 in 

 interorbital ; maxillary reaches % to eye, expansion 2% in eye, length 

 Sji in head; jaws equal; upper teeth in several rows and of outer 

 slightly enlarged row 2 or 3 in front and 6 feeble canines ; lower front 

 teeth small, in several rows, posteriorly single row of larger conic 

 teeth; interorbital low, equals eye; preopercle edge feebly uneven. 



Scales 50 in lateral line; 6 above, 13 below; fins except caudal 

 basally largely naked. 



D. X, 11, third spine 2}i in head, first ray 2% or slightly longer than 

 last spine; A. Ill, 11, third spine 2%, first ray 2%; caudal 1, emarginate, 

 lips broad; least depth of caudal peduncle 2%; pectoral 1%; ventral 1%. 



Above olivaceous-rosy, bases of scales deeper. Below golden rosy 

 or yellowish, bases of scales paler. Iris yellowish or rosy. Muzzle 

 front and lips deep violaceous-green. Golden band from above snout 

 tip, including nostrils, to eye. Fins rosy or golden, caudal dusky bas- 

 ally on lobes and spinous dorsal clouded violaceous. Length, 237 

 mm. (Bleeker.) 



Bleeker's figure shows 4 dark-brown transverse bands on the body 



from the bases of the dorsals, inclined posteriorly and narrowing 



below. On caudal peduncle two others shown and these inclined 



httle forward. 



Subgenus Gymnocranius Klunzinger 



Waved blue lines across snout, cheek, and opercle. Dorsals and 

 anals rosy, with darker edges. 



GYMNOCRANIUS ROBINSONI (Gilchrist and Thompson) 



Dentex robinsoni Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South African Mus., vol. 6, 

 p. 226, 1908 (type locality: Natal coast south of Durban).— Baknard, Ann. 

 South African Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 712, 1927 (Natal coast). 



Dentex rivulatvs (not Bennett, 1835) RtJppELL, Neue Wirbelth. Fische, p. 116, 

 pi. 29, fig. 2, 1835 (type locality: Djedda, Red Sea).— Gtjnther, Cat. Fish. 

 Brit. Mus., vol. 1, p. 372, 1859 (copied).— Day, Fishes of India, pt. 1, p. 90, 

 1875.— Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, p. 437, 1876 (Mauritius). — 



