FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 271 



MuUoides samoensis (not Guntheb) Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 

 234, 1928 (part). 



Depth Z%; head 3>^, width 1%. Snout 2 in head; eye 4%, 2% in 

 snout, 1% in interorbital ; maxillary reaches % to eye, expansion IK in 

 eye, length 2}^ in head; teeth villiform, in rather narrow bands in jaws, 

 of at least 4 or 5 irregular series; barbels reach hind preopercle edge, 

 length IK in head; interorbital 3K, convexly elevated, broadly de- 

 pressed medianly; preopercle entire. Gill rakers 6 + 21, lanceolate, 

 1% in gill filaments, which 1% in eye; 5 above and below as rudiments. 



Scales 34 in lateral line to caudal base and 4 more on latter; 3 above, 

 7 below, 13 predorsal, 3 rows on cheek. Scales with 5 basal radiating 

 striae; 165 apical denticles, with 12 transverse series of basal elements; 

 circuli very fine. 



D. VII-I, 8, 1, first spine 1% in head, first ray 2%; A. I, 6, i, spine 4, 

 first ray 2%; caudal 1, deeply forked, slender lobes pointed; least depth 

 of caudal peduncle 3%; pectoral 1%; ventral 1^. 



Back and head above pale olive-brown, sides and below white. Iris 

 dull yellowish brown. Barbels pale. Fins all dull brown. 



Hawaiian Islands, 



U.S.N. M. No. 55516. Hawaiian Islands. Bureau of Fisheries (No. 2561) . Length, 

 264 mm. As MuUoides flammeus. 



Genus PSEUDUPENEUS Bleeker 



Pseudupeneus Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, p. 134, 



1862. (Type, Upeneus prayensis Valenciennes, monotypic.) 

 Parupeneus Bleeker, Nederland. Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 1, p. 242, 1863. (Type, 



Mullus trifasdaius Lac6pI:db, monotypic.) 

 Mullhypeneus Poet, Repert. Fis. Nat. Cuba, vol. 2, p. 160, 1867. (Type, Mullus 



flavovittatus Poet.) 

 Brachymullus Bleeker, Arch. N^erland. Sci. Nat. Harlem, vol. 11, p. 333, 1876. 



(Type, Upeneus tetrospilus GtJNTHBR, monotypic.) 

 Hogbinia Whitley, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, vol. 54, pt. 2, p. 92, 1929. 



(Type, Upeneus filameniosus Macleat, orthotypic.) 

 Barbupeneus Whitley, Australian Zool., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 317, 1931. (Type, 



Upeneus signatus Gijnther, orthotypic.) 

 Caprupeneus Whitley, Australian Zool., vol. 6, pt. 4, p. 317, 1931. (Type, 



Pseudupeneus jeffi Ogilby, orthotypic.) 



Body oblong, compressed. Head moderate to rather large. Eye 

 large, smaller with age, elevated, posterior. Muzzle often long. 

 Mouth nearly horizontal, low. Jaws partly equal. Both jaws with 

 rather strong unequal teeth, in one or two rows in each. No teeth 

 on vomer or palatines. Lips well developed. Barbels nearly as long 

 as head. Bone forming downward hook over maxillary moderately 

 developed. Interorbital rather narrow, concave. Opercle ends in 

 single spine. Scales very large, somewhat finely ctenoid. Head cov- 

 ered with large scales. Lateral fine continuous, tubes branching on 

 each scale. First dorsal with about seven spines. Anal spines 

 usually two, first very short. Caudal forked. 



