FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 173 



Pagellus affmis (part) Boulenger, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1887, p. 658 (Cape 

 of Good Hope). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 6, 

 p. 232, 1908-1910 (Natal, between anchorage St. Johns and Bluff Point, 12 

 to 19 fathoms); Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 363, 1917 (references). — 

 Thompson, Marine Biol. Rep. South Africa, vol. 4, p. 89, 1918. — von Bonde, 

 South Afric. Fisher. Marine Biol. Surv., Special Rep. No. 1, p. 21, 1923. — 

 Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 238 (Delagoa Bay, 

 Tugela River mouth in 60 fathoms). 



Depth 2% to 3; head 3 to 3}^, width 2 to 2}^. Snout 3 in head; 

 eye 3K to 3%, 1}^ to 1% in snout, 1 to 1)^ in interorbital ; maxillary- 

 reaches eye, expansion 2 to 2% in eye, length 2% to 3 in head; band of 

 5 or 6 irregular rows of fine teeth in jaws, posteriorly 5 or 6 biserial 

 molars with inner row more blunt, also outer enlarged conic row of teeth ; 

 interorbital ?>)i to 3?3, broadly convex. Gill rakers 7 + 11, lanceolate. 



Scales 56 to 57 in lateral line to caudal base, with 5 more on latter; 

 4 to 7 above, 14 to 15 below, 26 to 30 predorsal; 5 or 6 between eye to 

 preopercle flange; muzzle, preopercle flange, front half of interorbital 

 and superciliaries naked. Scales with 7 to 10 basal radiating striae; 

 67 to 103 apical denticles, with 2 transverse rows of basal segments; 

 circuli fine. 



D. XII, 10, I, fourth spine 2% to 3 in head, first ray 3K to ?,%; A. 

 Ill, 10, I, second spine 4 to 4)^, first ray 3)^ to 4; caudal l)i to 1%, 

 forked; least depth of caudal peduncle 3^; pectoral 1 to iKo; ventral 

 1% to 1%. 



Pinkish, belly silvery. 



Madagascar, Delagoa Bay, Natal, South Africa. 



A.N.S.P. No. 53082. Delagoa Bay, Portuguese East Africa. H. W. Bell Marley, 



1923. Length, 135 mm. 

 A.N.S.P. No. 53033. Natal coast, Tugela River mouth in 60 fathoms. H. W. 



Bell Marley. Length, 188 mm. 

 A.N.S.P. No. 53106. Natal coast. H. W. Bell Marley, 1925. Length, 140 mm. 



Subgenus Lithognathus Swainson 



PAGELLUS LITHOGNATHUS Cuvier 



Pagellus lithognathus Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 6, p. 204, pi. 151, 1830 

 (type locality: Cape of Good Hope). — Gxjnthbr, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 

 1, p. 483, 1859 (Cape of Good Hope). — Castelnatj, M4m. Poiss. Afrique 

 Australe, p. 26, 1861 (Simons Bay, Algoa Bay, Port Natal). — Schtjltze, 

 Abh. deutsch. Seefisch. Ver. Berlin, vol. 9, p. 9, pi. 1, 1907 (on Cuvier).— 

 Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 6, p. 233, 1908 

 (Natal); Marine Biol. Rep. South Africa, No. 2, p. 99, 1914 (habits); Ann. 

 Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 363, 1917 (references). — Thompson, Marine 

 Biol. Rep. South Africa, vol. 4, p. 90, 1918 (references).^ — Barnard, Ann. 

 South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 705, 1927 (coast of Southwest Africa, 

 Table Bay, False Bay, Agulhas Bank, Natal). 



Lithognathus capensis Swainson, Nat. Hist. Animals, vol. 2, p. 222, 1839 (on 

 Cuvier, pi. 151). — Pappe, Synops. edible fishes Cape, p. 20, 1853 (HoutBay). 



Depth 2% to 3; head about 3. Snout pointed, profile straight; eye 

 3 ,'2 to 6, V/i to 2}^ in snout, 1 to 2 in interorbital, greater than to 1% 



