FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 239 



with brown spot, concealed by basal scaly sheath of fin. Some brown 

 usually on front membranes of anal. 



Red Sea, Arabia, Zanzibar, Mozambique, Zululand, Natal, Mau- 

 ritius, Reunion, Madagascar, Seychelles, India, Ceylon, East Indies, 

 Philippines, Indo-China, China, Japan, Northern Territory Aus- 

 tralia, Queensland, Micronesia, Polynesia. The most Abundant 

 and widely distributed member of its genus. In many details 

 it appears quite variable and changes in coloration and appear- 

 ance due to preparation as museum specimens often lead to con- 

 fusion of materials. I find little tangible to distinguish Gerres 

 kappas Bleeker and Gerres acinaces Bleeker, the latter here placed in 

 the synonymy. Aside from its uniformly pale coloration and accord- 

 ding to Bleeker' s figure of Gerres acinaces it is shown with a den- 

 ticulate suprascapula, a character I have not noticed. The Japanese 

 form, based on Sparus erythrourus Bloch, does not seem to show 

 characters for distinction. 



Figure IQ.—Oerres oyena (ForskSl), young 



The imperfectly described and crudely figured Gerres longicaudus 

 AUeyne and Macleay is probably synonymous: Depth 2^; head 3%. 

 Eye 2%, little longer than snout; maxillary reaches ji in eye, length 

 2% in head; lower jaw shown very slightly protruding; scales 50 in 

 lateral line (about 42 rows shown on figure along lateral line, with 9 

 above and 11 below). D. IX, 10, second spine half body depth; A. 

 Ill, 7, second and third spines subequally long and slender. Pectoral 

 1% in head. Caudal deeply forked, 3 in rest of body. Moderately 

 silvery. Fins pale ; dorsal brownish on upper half ; caudal tipped black. 

 (Alleyne and Macleay.) 



Gerres socotranus Steindachner is described as near Gerres acinaces 

 Bleeker and Gerres lineolatus Playfair: Depth 2 to 2}^; head 3 to S%. 

 Snout 3 in head; eye 3 to 3^- Lateral line 43, 6 scales above and 6 



