FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 275 



with it upper edge, and uniform and with but 6 soft rays. The gill 

 rakers are given as 6 + 21 or 22. 



22289. River at Port Dupon, Leyte. March 17, 1909. Length 76 mm. 



Two examples. Varadero Bay, Mindoro. July 23, 1908. Length, 55 or 66 mm. 



PSEUDUPENEUS PLEUROSTIGMA (Bennett) 



Upeneus pleurostigma Bennett, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 1, p. 69, 1831 (type 

 locality: Mauritius). — Gunther, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vols. 2, 3, pts. 6, 6, 

 p. 58, 1874 (Tahiti, Apamana, Gilbert Islands). — Sauvage, Hist. Nat. 

 Madagascar, Poiss., p. 229, 1891 (on Li;6nard). — Waite, Rec. Australian 

 Mus., vol. 4, p. 37, pi. 5, 1901 (Lord Howe Island). — Snyder, Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., vol. 42, p. 503, 1912 (Okinawa).— Fowler, Copeia, No. 112, p. 83, 

 1922 (Hawaii); Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 245 (Delagoa 

 Bay); Bishop Mus. Bull. 22, p. 26, 1925 (Honolulu). — Fowler and Ball, 

 Bishop Mus. Bull. 26, p. 16, 1925 (Laysan and Lisiansky). — Fowler, Mem. 

 Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 231, pi. 20C, 1928 (Maui, Honolulu, Laysan); 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929 (1930), p. 648 (Honolulu); Mem. 

 Bishop Mus., vol. 11, No. 5, p. 337, 1931 (Honolulu). 



Mullus pleurostigma Playfair, Fishes of Zanzibar, p. 40, 1866 (Zanzibar). 



Parupeneus pleurostigma Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 16, 

 No. 3, p. 29, 1875 (Amboina and Banda); Atlas Ichth. Ind. N^erland., vol. 9, 

 pi. (3) 393, fig. 3, 1877. — Steindachner, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 

 math.-nat. Kl., vol. 70, p. 486, 1901 (Laysan Island). — Barnard, Ann. South 

 Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 590, 1927 (Delagoa Bay). 



Pseudupeneus pleurostigma Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 22, p. 456, 1902 



(1903) (Honolulu).— Snyder, Bull U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 22, p. 527, 1902 



(1904) (Honolulu). — Jordan and Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., vol. 

 23, pt. 1, p. 260, fig. 108, 1903 (1905) (Honolulu; Hilo). 



Upeneus brandesii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 2, p. 236, 1861 

 (type locality: Banda Neira). — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 

 p. 407, 1859 (compiled). 



Depth 3K to 3%; head 3 to 3%, width 1% to 2%. Snout 1% to 1% in 

 head; eye 4% to 6, 2}^ to 3% in snout, IK to 1% in interorbital; maxil- 

 lary reaches % to % to eye, expansion equals to Ys greater than eye, 

 length 2 K to 2% in head; barbels reach opposite upper hind edge of 

 preopercle, length IK in head; teeth uniserial, rather large, short, 

 conic; interorbital 3)^ to 3K, broadly convex. Gill rakers 7 + 24, 

 lanceolate, length 1% in gill filaments, which 1}^ in eye. 



Scales 27 or 28 in lateral line to caudal base and 2 or 3 more on 

 latter; 3 above, 6 below, 13 or 14 predorsal forward opposite nostril; 3 

 rows on cheek below eye. Tubes of lateral line arborescent. Scales 

 with 5 or 6 basal radiating striae; 150 to 184 apical denticles, with 13 

 to 15 transverse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. 



D. VIII-I, 8, I, third spine IK to 1% in head, first branched ray 2% 

 to 2%; A. II, 6, I, first branched ray 2}^ to 2%; caudal 1% to 1%, 

 deeply forked, lobes pointed; least depth of caudal peduncle 2% to 

 3K; pectoral IK to IK; ventral iKo to 1%. 



Pale brown generally, slightly lighter below. Iris yellowish brown, 

 narrow golden circle around pupil. Barbels pale brown. On lateral 

 line blackish brown blotch slightly larger than eye or extending over 



