FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 165 



Profile very steep, snout almost vertical and straight, nape sloping. 

 Interorbital prominent. Preorbital long as deep, scarcely extending 

 behind mouth angle, concealing less of maxillary than in Sparus 

 gibbiceps, its lower edge straighter. 



Scales 65 to 67 in lateral line; 10 or 11 above, 23 to 25 below; 



11 or 12 rows on cheek, not extending forward under eye but ending on 

 line from hind eye edge and hind preorbital angle. 



Pinldsh, silvers^ below, with darker vertical bands as in Sparus 

 gibbiceps. Head dark red, with whitish patch before eyes. Red 

 stripe at pectoral base. Reaches 470 mm. (Barnard.) 



South Africa. According to Barnard more abundant on the Natal 

 coast than Sparus gibbiceps and not ranging to the Cape. He says 

 the scaling on the cheek distinguishes the two species. 



SPARUS GIBBICEPS (Cuvier) 



Chrysophrys gibbiceps Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 6, p. 127, pi. 147, 1830 (type 

 locality: Cape of Good Hope). — Bleekee, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, voL 

 21, p. (50, 52), 62, 1860 (Cape) .— Castelnau, M6m. Poiss. Afrique Australe, 

 p. 20, 1861 (Simons Bay). — Kner, Reise Novara, Fische, p. 86, 1865 (Cape). — 

 Canestrini, Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisiol. Genova, ser. 2, vol. 1, p. 154, 1869 

 (Australia). — Castelnau, Rec. London Internat. E.xhib., pt. 7, No. 5, p. 9, 

 1873 (Victoria). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Marine Biol. Rep. South Africa, 

 No. 2, p. 97, fig., 1914 (habits). — Gilchrist, Marine Biol. Rep. South Africa, 

 No. 3, p. 5, fig. 2, 1916 (egg and larva) . — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. Dur- 

 ban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 361, 1917 (references). — Thompson, Marine Biol. 

 Rep. South Africa, No. 4, p. 92, 1918 (references). — von Bonde, South Afric. 

 Fisher. Marine Biol. Surv., Special Rep. No. 1, p. 18, 1923. 



Chrysoblephus gibbiceps Swainson, Nat. Hist. Animals, vol. 2, pp. 171, 221, 1839 

 (on Cuvier, pi. 147). — Pappe, Sj^nops. edible fishes Cape, p. 19, 1853 

 (False Bay, Mostert Bay, Fishhoek, Table Bay). 



Pagrus gibbiceps Barnard, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 698, fig. 256, 

 1927 (head) (Table Bay, False Bay, Agulhas Bank, Algoa Bay, Natal, to 50 

 fathoms) . 



Chrysoblephus nasutus Castelnau, M6m. Poiss. Afrique Australe, p. 24, 1861 

 (type locality: Table Bay). 



Sparus lophus Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 234, fig. 3 

 (type locality : Natal coast in 30 fathoms) . 



Depth 2Ko; head 2^o, width 2Ko. Snout 2% in head, upper profile 

 concave; eye 4, 1% in snout, 1^ in interorbital; maxillary reaches 

 eye, expansion 3 in eye, length 3^ in head; 4 canines above, 6 below, in 

 front of each jaw; each side of jaw with 12 outer molarhke teeth with 

 last 5 enlarged, also band of inner granular teeth in jaws; interorbital 

 SYa in head, convex. Gill rakers 6+ 12, short, strong, lanceolate. 



Scales 56 in lateral line to caudal base and 2 more on latter; 9 

 above, 19 below, 50 predorsal forward opposite front eye edge, 15 

 rows on cheek to preopercle ridge and flange also scaled. Scales with 



12 to 15 basal radiating striae; 90 to 115 apical denticles, with 13 or 

 14 transverse series of basal elements; circuli fine. 



