FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 177 



Depth 2% without caudal; head 3%. Snout 3 in head from snout tip; 

 eye 3 to 4, 1 % to 1 ji in snout, 1 }4 to 1 K in interorbital ; maxillary reaches 

 front eye edge, length 4 in head from snout tip; lower jaw slightly 

 protrudes (in figure); teeth 8 broad compressed inclined incisors in 

 each jaw and 3 rows of rounded molars; interorbital low; preopercle 

 entire; opercle with blunt spine. 



Scales 62 to 68 in lateral line; 7 or 8 above, 16 below; 5 rows on 

 cheek to preopercle ridge. 



D. XII, 13 or 14, fourth spine 2}i in total head length, first ray 

 2%; A. Ill, 13, second spine 2%, first ray 3%; caudal 1, forked, upper 

 lobe usually larger; least depth of caudal peduncle 2%; pectoral 1; 

 ventral 1%. 



Grayish silvery, fine dots on scales, forming lines along center of 

 each row. Black blotch with silvery lower border, lost with age, on 

 lateral line between end of soft dorsal and caudal base. Dark spot 

 at pectoral base. Fins blackish, except flesh-colored pectoral and 

 orange-tinted caudal. Eyes golden. Young with narrow vertical 

 brown lines on body. Length, 305 mm. (Day.) 



Red Sea, Madagascar, Arabia, India. It appears hardly likely 

 that Sargus kotschyi is a distinct species. Steindachner contends it 

 is deeper, depth 3 compared with 3K in total by Klunzinger and Day 

 for Diplodus nod, yet Day's figure shows depth 3}^ in total. Stein- 

 dachner gives the following for Sargus kotschyi: 



Depth 2% to 2% in total, strongly compressed; head little over 4. 

 Snout more or less pointed, 2% to 2)i in head; eye 3%, IK to 1% in 

 snout; mouth angle reaches eye; incisors little oblique, 8 in each jaw 

 in front; in young 4 or 5 rows of small molars, with age only 2 rows 

 or 2 or 3 middle rows enlarged; interorbital 2 to 3K- 



Scales 58 to 62 in lateral line, of which 5 on caudal base; 8 above, 

 15 or 16 below; 4 or 5 row^s on cheek. 



D. XII, 13; A. Ill, 12 or 13; pectoral long, pointed, falcate, reaches 

 base of first anal spine, shorter with age "circa }i der Kopflange 

 gleich. ' ' 



Above bluish, below silver white. Large black blotch on caudal 

 peduncle and smaller in pectoral axil. Length, 258 mm. 



DIPLODUS TRIFASCIATUS (Raflnesque) 



Sargus trifasciaius Rafinesque, Carrat. Nuov. Animal. Sicilia, p. 50, 1810 (type 

 locality: SiciljO- 



Sargus fasciatvs Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 6, p. 59, 1830 (no locali- 

 ty). — GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, p. 448, 1859 (no locality). 



Charax cervinus Lowe, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 2, p. 177, 1833 (1841) 

 (type locality : Madeira) . 



Sargus cervinus GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, p. 448, 1859 (Lanzarote; 

 Cape Seas; type of Sargus hotentottus Smith). — Gilchrist and Thompson, 

 Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 6, p. 167, 1908-1911 (Natal); Ann. Durban 

 Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 359, 1917 (references). — Thompson, Marine Biol. 

 Rep. South Africa, No. 4, p. 87, 1918 (references). 



