FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 231 

 GERRES KAPAS Bleeker 



Genes kappas Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indi(5, vol. 2, p. 482, 1851 (type 

 locality: Rio; Batavia, Java). (Error.) 



Gerres kapas Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 3, p. 161, 1852 

 (Timor Kupang). — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, p. 352, 1859 

 (compiled); vol. 4, p. 259, 1863 (no locality). — Martens, Preuss. Exped. 

 Ost-Asien, p. 387, 1876 (Bangkok). — Karoli, Term^sz. Fiizetek, Budapest, 

 vol. 5, p. 155, 1881 (Singapore). — Weber, Zool. Ergebn. Reise Niederl. Ost. 

 Indien, vol. 3, p. 408, 1894 (river mouth at Tallo, Celebes). — Elera, Cat. 

 Fauna Filip., vol. 1, p. 477, 1895 (Luzon, Manila), p. 560 (Luzon, Manila, 

 Samar). — Weber, Siboga Exped., vol. 57, p. 271, 1913 (Kangeang). — Fow- 

 ler and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 62, art. 2, p. 41, 1922 (Zamboanga; 

 Philippines). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1927, p. 284 

 (Jolo; Philippines); Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 225, 1928 (Apiang, Fiji, 

 Guam, Samoa); Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929 (1930), p. 647 

 (Samoa); Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 11, No. 5, p. 336, 1931 (reference). 



Gerres capas Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1868, p. 257 (Pulobrani, 

 Singapore) . 



Diapterus kapas Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. N^erland, vol. 8, p. 127, pi. (27) 361, 

 fig. 3, 1876-1877 (Sumatra, Batu, Nias, Singapore, Bintang, Banka, Java, 

 Celebes, Timor, Amboina). 



Xystaevia kapas Evermann and Seale, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, p. 70, 1906 

 (1907) (Jolo, Bacon, Bulan). — Seale and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 vol. 33, p. 244, 1907 (Zamboanga). — Jordan and Richardson, Bull. Bur, 

 Fisher., vol. 27, p. 260, 1907 (1908) (Cuyo).— Seale, Philippine Journ. Sci., 

 vol. 5, No. 4, p. 278, 1910 (Sandakan, Borneo). 



Gerres singaporensis Steindachner, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. 

 KL, vol. 60, pt. 1, p. 568, 1870 (type locality: Singapore). 



IGerres bispinosus Alleyne and Macleay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 

 vol. 1, p. 273, pi. 7, fig. 3, 1877 (type locality: Hall Sound, New Guinea). 



Xyslaema baconensis (part) Evermann and Seale, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 26, 

 p. 70, 1906 (1907) (Bacon specimen).— Fowler, Copeia, No. 58, p. 64, 1918 

 (Philippines) . 



Depth 2}i to 3; head 3 to 2>yz, width 1% to 2. Snout 3 to 4K in head; 

 eye 3 to 3K, subequal with or little longer than snout, Httle greater 

 than interorbital in young to subequal with age; maxillary reaches %, 

 to )i in eye, expansion 2)i to 3 in eye, length 2% to 3 in head; teeth 

 fine, villiform, in bands in jaws; interorbital 2^ to 3K in head, broadly 

 convex. Gill rakers 4 or 5 + 8, lanceolate, K of gill filaments or 2 to 4 

 in eye; upper 3 rudimentary. 



Scales 37 to 39 in lateral line to caudal base and 3 or 4 more on 

 latter; 4 or 5 above, 9 or 10 below; 15 to 20 predorsal forward opposite 

 front eye edge and premaxillary groove broadly naked; 3 rows on 

 cheek to preopercle ridge. Scales with 4 to 10 basal radiating striae, 

 also many as 7 incomplete auxiUaries ; fine circuli very largely parallel 

 and vertical. 



D. IX, 10, I, third spine \% to \% in head, first ray 2% to 3; A. Ill, 

 7, 1, third spine 2}Uo 3, first ray 2% to 3 ; least depth of caudal peduncle 

 2% to 3; ventral 1)^ to IK; pectoral 3M to Z)i in combined head and 

 trunk to caudal base; upper caudal lobe 3}^ to 3%. 



