FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 353 



Scales 63 along above lateral line, 53 along below, 57 tubes in lateral 

 line (on figure), 10 above, 9 below; 5 rows on cheek to preopercle ridge, 

 with 3 more on preopercle flange. 



D. X, I, 25, third and fourth spines subequal or 1% in total head, 

 fourth ray 2 ; A. II, 8, i, second spine enlarged and robust, longer than 

 rays, 1%; caudal 1%, truncate; least depth of caudal peduncle 2%; 

 pectoral 1%; ventral 1%. 



Above gray or bluish green, sides and below silvery. Iris yellow, 

 orbital edge brownish. Fins yellowish, verticals dusted with brown. 

 Length, 225 mm. (Bleeker.) 



This nominal form is likely American, evidently Bairdiella armata 

 Gill from Panama. The single specimen in the Hamburg Museum 

 alleged by Bleeker to have come from Japan. 



ANALYSIS OF GENERA 



a'. No barbels at chin, 

 b'. No pores at chin. 



c^ Otolithinae. Canines in front of both jaws, conspicuous __ Otolithes. 

 c^. CoLLiCHTHYiNAE. Dentition weaker, without conspicuous front canines 

 or only outer row of teeth in jaws sometimes little enlarged. 

 d^. Soft dorsal very long, rays 40 to 43, fin base 3 times that of spinous 



dorsal; pectoral long as head Paraa. 



d'^. Soft dorsal shorter, rays less than 40; pectoral less than head. 



e'. Bones of head loose, more or less cavernous; mouth well inclined; 

 luminous or photophorelike bodies on under surface of body. 



CoUichthys 

 e^. Bones of head firm; mouth less inclined; no photophorelike bodies. 



p. Caudal cuneate with median point behind Otolithoides. 



p. Caudal emarginate Atractoscion. 



¥. JoHNiiNAE. Pores on chin. 



g^. Soft dorsal and anal densely scaly; silvery dermal spots or photo- 

 phorelike body on under surface of body Pseudosciaena. 



^2. Soft dorsal and anal less scaly, nearly naked or scales confined 



basally on fins; no silvery dermal spots Johnius. 



a2. SciAENiNAE. A single barbel at chin Sciaena. 



Genus OTOLITHES Oken 



Otolithes Oken, Isis, 1782, p. 1817. (Type, Johnius ruber Bloch, virtual mono- 

 type.) (Based on Cuvier.) 



Otolithus Cuvier, Regne Animal, ed. 2, vol. 2, p. 172, 1829. (Type, Johnius 

 ruber Bloch, designated by Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1861, 

 p. 80.) 



Body elongated oblong or elliptical, compressed. Head moderate. 

 Snout usually somewhat pointed. Eyes moderate or small, advanced. 

 Maxillary nearly or quite slips below preorbital. Mouth oblique, 

 terminal, wide. Lower jaw longer, projects beyond upper. No 

 barbels. Bands of villiform teeth in both jaws, outer premaxillary 

 row enlarged; usually distinct canines in both jaws, often only in 

 upper and received in pits in opposite jaw; lower jaw with single row 

 of well separated teeth and sometimes single outer villiform row. 



