FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 357 



p. 57, 1865; Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 19 (Cochin, Malabar).— 

 Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, No. 4, p. 11, 1874 

 (compiled). — Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, p. 196, 1876. — Gorgoza, Anal. 

 Soc. Espan. Hist. Nat., Madrid, vol. 14, p. 73, 1885 (Manila). — Day, Fauna 

 Brit. India, Fishes, vol. 2, p. 128, 1889. — Elera, Cat. Fauna Filip., vol. 2, 

 p. 502, 1895 (Luzon, Manila). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South 

 Afric. Mus., vol. 6, p. 184, 1908-1911 (26 fathoms, Amatikulu Conical Hill, 

 NW. 7^2 miles; 12-14 fathoms off South Head Tugela River).— Zugmayer, 

 Abh. Bayer, Akad. Wiss., math.-phys. Kl., vol. 26, p. 12, 1913 (Mekran).— 

 Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 4, p. 350, 1917 

 (copied). — Malpas, Ceylon Administr. Rep., 1921, p. E8. — Fowler, Proc. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 246 (Natal, Tugela River in 60 fathoms, 

 Delagoa Bay); Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 30, No. 4, p. 8, 1926 

 (Bombay); vol. 32, No. 2, p. 260, 1927 (Bombay).— Barnard, Ann. South 

 Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 573, 1927 (Natal coast, Zululand, Delagoa 

 Bay, Chinde). 



Otolithes ruber Jordan and Starks, Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 11, Nos. 3, 4, p. 452, 

 1917 (Ceylon). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1927, p. 285 

 (Orani; Orion); Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 33, No. 1, p. 115, 1928 

 (Bombay). 



OtoUthus rubra Pearson, Ceylon Administr. Rep., 1925, pp. F14, F27, F29. 



Otolithus tridentifer Richardson, Ichth. China Japan, p. 225, 1846 (type 

 locality: China Seas, Canton). — Elera, Cat. Fauna Filip., p. 502, 1895 

 (Luzon; Manila). 



Otolithus aureus Richardson, Ichth. China Japan, p. 224, 1846 (type locality: 

 Canton).— Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929 (1930), p. 

 610, fig. 2 (Hong Kong). 



Otolithus reevesii Richardson, Ichth. China Japan, p. 224, 1846 (type locality: 

 Canton) . 



Otolithus submaculatus Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 29, p. 141, 1860 

 (type locality : Sitang River) . 



Depth 3K to S%; head 3 to 3%, width 2% to 2^i Snout 3% to 4/8 in 

 head from snout tip; eye 4% to 4%, 1% to 1}^ in snout, 1}^ to 1% in 

 interorbital; maxillary reaches opposite hind pupil edge, 2^ to 2}^ in 

 head from snout tip; pair of wide set upper canines and one symphys- 

 eal mandibular; interorbital 3% to 3%, broadly convex; preopercle 

 edge membranous. Gill rakers 9+16, lanceolate, slender, equal gill 

 filaments. 



Scales 59 to 62 along close above lateral line to caudal base and 7 

 to 10 out over caudal medially; tubular scales 49 or 50 in lateral Une 

 to caudal base; 8 or 9 scales above lateral line, 9 or 10 below, 30 to 32 

 predorsal. Scales with 12 basal radiating striae; circuli very fine. 



D. X or XI, 29, i or 30, i, second spine 2% to 2% in head from upper 

 jaw tip, first ray 3}^ to 3%; A. II, 7, i, second spine 5K to Q%, second 

 ray 2% to 2%; caudal 1% to 1^, obtusely angular behind; least depth 

 of caudal peduncle 3% to 3%; pectoral Iji to 1%; ventral 1% to lH 



Back brown, below whitish with more or less silvery reflections on 

 head and body. Iris whitish. Spinous dorsal deep neutral slate, 

 little paler basally. Soft dorsal grayish, darker all along margins 



