FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 375 



Pseudosciaena diacanthus Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, 

 No. 4, p. 27, 1874 (Singapore, Pinang, Banka, Java, Madura); Atlas Ichth, 

 Ind. N^erland., vol. 9, pi. (5)388, fig. 2, 1877.— Seale, Philippine Journ. 

 Sci., vol. 5, No. 4, p. 279, 1910 (Sandakan, Borneo). 



Johnius cataleus Cuvier, Regne Animal, ed. 2, vol. 2, p. 173, 1829 (on Katchelee 

 Russell, Fishes of Coromandel, vol. 2, p. 12, pi. 116, 1803, type locality: 

 Vizagapatam) . — Valenciennes, Regne Animal, Cuvier, ed. ill., Poiss., p. 81, 

 1839. 



Corvina catalea Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, p. 128, 1830 (type locality; 

 Pondicherry; Malabar). — Valenciennes, Voy. Ind. Orient. B^langer, Zool., 

 p. 360, 1834 (Malabar; Pondicherry). — Richardson, Ichth. China Japan, 

 p. 226, 1846 (China Sea; Canton). 



Bola chaptis Buchanan-Hamilton, Fishes of Ganges, pp. 77, 368, pi. 10, fig. 25, 

 1822 (type locality: Ganges estuaries). 



Corvina chaptis Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, p. 130, 1830 (on Buchanan- 

 Hamilton). — Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 29, p. 141, 1860 (Sitang 

 River). — Mason, Burmah Nat. Resources, p. 695, 1860. 



Corvina platycephala Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, p. 132, 1830 (type locality: 

 Java) . 



Sciaena platycephala (Kuhl and van Hasselt) Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 

 vol. 5, p. 132, 1830 (name in text). 



Sciaena maculata (not Bloch) Gray, lUustr. Indian Zoology, vol. 2, pi. 89, fig. 1, 

 1832 (India).— GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, p. 291, 1860 (copied).— 

 Day, Fishes of Malabar, p. 50, 1865. — Thurston, Pearl Fisher. Gulf of 

 Manaar, p. 92, 1890 (Tuticorin). 



Johnius maculatus Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 29, p. 141, 1860 (Sitang 

 River) . 



Johnius valenciennii Eydoux and Souleyet, Voy. Bonite, Zool., vol. 1, p. 159, 

 pi. 1, fig. 2, 1841 (type locality: China Seas near Macao). 



Corvina nigromaculata Borodin, Bull. Vanderbilt Marine Mus., vol. 1, art. 2, 

 p. 53, pi. 2, fig. 2, 1930 (type locality: Ceylon). 



Depth 3M to 2,%; head 3 to 3K, width 2 to 2)i. Snout 3% to 4 in 

 head; eye 5 to 6, 1% to 1% in snout, 1 to 1}^ in interorbital; maxillary- 

 reaches nearly opposite hind eye edge, expansion 1)^ to IK in eye, 

 length 2}^ to 2K in head; 6 pores at chin; row of upper large teeth 

 exposed with closed jaws and inner row of mandibular teeth large; 

 interorbital 4% to 5%, broadly convex; preopercle edge denticulate. 

 Gill rakers 6 + 9, lanceolate, short, half of gill filaments. 



Scales 56 to 67 along lateral line to caudal base and 7 more on 

 latter; scales 41 to 43 in lateral line to caudal base and 22 to 32 more 

 over caudal fin; 8 or 9 scales above, 10 or 11 below, 38 to 40 predorsal. 

 Scales with 12 to 14 basal striae; 42 to 50 apical denticles, with 7 or 8 

 series of transverse basal elements; circuli very fine. 



D. XI, 21, I or 23, i, third spine 2K to 2% in head, first ray 3%; A. 

 II, 7, I, second spine 2){ to 3Ko, first ray 2 to 2K; caudal 1% to IK, 

 obtuse behind; least depth of caudal peduncle 3% to 3%; pectoral \% to 

 1%; ventral 1% to 1%. 



Soiled drab-gray generally. Four slightly deeper broad bands on 

 back, within each 2 or 3 series of deep dusky blotches size of pupil. 

 Iris yellowish. Dorsals pale, with 5 or 6 blackish blotches. Caudal 



