FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATEES 389 



vol. 5, p. 159, 1881 (Cantor).— Day, Fauna Brit. India, vol. 2, p. 114, 1889.— 



BoTJLENGER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1892, p. 135 (Muscat). — Elera, Cat. 



Fauna Filip., vol. 1, p. 501, 1895 (Manila; Luzon). — Ishikawa and 



Matsuura, Prelim. Cat. Fishes Mus. Tokyo, p. 45, 1897. — Zugmayer, 



Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., math.-phys. Kl., vol. 26, pt. 6, p. 12, 1913 (Mekran; 



Oman) . 

 Johnius sina Blyth, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. 29, p. 141, 1860 (Sitang 



River). — Bleeker, Verb. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, No. 4, p. 54, 



1874 (copied). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 247 (Dela- 



goaBay); Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 33, No. l,p. 115, 1928 (Bombay). 

 Otolithus vogleri Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 4, p. 253, 1853 



(type locality: Benculen, Sumatra). 

 Sciaena vogleri Gijnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, p. 294, 1860 (compiled).— 



Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, p. 186, pi. 45, fig. 1, 1876; Fauna Brit. India, 



vol. 2, p. 113, 1889. — Zugmayer, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., math.-phys. 



Kl., vol. 26, pt. 6, p. 12, 1913 (Mekran). — Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 



ser. 9, vol. 9, p. 321, 1922 (Natal). — Vinciguerra, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. 



Nat. Genova, ser. 3, vol. 10, p. 577, 1926 (Sarawak). — Barnard, Ann. 



South Afric. Mus., vol. 21, pt. 2, p. 571, 1927 (Pondoland, Natal coast, 



Delagoa Bay to 50 fathoms). — Hardenberg, Treubia, vol. 13, livr. 1, p. 130, 



1931 (Rokan mouth, Sumatra). 

 Pseudosciaena vogleri Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, No. 4, 



p. 35, 1874 (Sumatra; Celebes); Atlas Ichth. Ind. N^erland, vol. 9, pi. (3) 



386, fig. 4, 1877. 

 Johnius vogleri Seale, Philippine Journ. Sci., vol. 5, No. 4, p. 280, 1910 (San- 



dakan, Borneo). — Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1931, p. 446 



(Singapore) . 

 Sciaena parva Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. South Afric. Mus., vol. 6, p. 183, 



1908-1911 (type locaUty: In 24 fathoms South Head Tugela River, N. by 



W. 4>^ miles); Ann. Durban Mus., vol. 1, No. 4, p. 350, 1917 (compiled). 

 Johnius parvus Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 247 (Delagoa 



Bay; Natal). 

 Sciaena marleyi Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 9, p. 319 (type 



locality: Natal), p. 321, 1922. 

 Johnius marleyi Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1925, p. 247 



(Natal). 

 Johnius diacanthus (part) Fowler, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 30, 



No. 4, p. 9, 1926 (lapsus). 



Depth 2% to SYi] head 3 to 3}^, width 1% to 2. Snout 3){ to 3^^!! 

 head; eye 4% to 4%, 1% to 1% in snout, equals interorbital; maxillary 

 reaches K in eye or to hind eye edge, expansion 1% in eye, length 

 from snout tip 2% to 2% in head; 6 pits at chin; teeth fine, in bands 

 in jaws, outer row enlarged above and inner below and former ex- 

 posed with closed mouth; interorbital 3}^ to 4}^, broadly convex; 

 preopercle edge denticulate. Gill rakers 4 to 8 + 9 to 18, lanceolate, 

 short, rudimentary tubercles greatly less than gill filaments. 



Scales 46 to 50 along above lateral line to caudal base and 5 or 6 

 more over caudal base; tubular scales 45 to 47 in lateral line to caudal 

 base and 7 or 8 more out over fin; 5 or 6 above, 7 to 9 below, 24 to 

 26 predorsal; 9 rows on cheek; anal entirely scaled. Scales with 9 to 

 16 basal radiating striae; 42 to 62 apical denticles, v;ith 4 to 15 trans- 

 verse series of basal elements; circuli very fine. 



