FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS AND ADJACENT WATERS 397 

 JOHNIUS AXILLARIS (Cuvier) 



Corvina axillaris Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, p. 113, 1830 (type locality: 

 Malabar). — Valenciennes, Voy. Ind. Orient. Belanger, Zool., p. 356, 1834 

 (Malabar coast). — Gxjnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, p. 302, 1860 

 (no locality).— Day, Fishes of Malabar, p. 53, 1865 (copied). — Sauvage, 

 Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris., ser. 7, vol. 5, p. 106, 1881 (Swatow, China). 



Sciaena axillaris Day, Fishes of India, pt. 2, p. 188, pi. 43, fig. 6, 1876 (Orissa; 

 Madras); Fauna Brit. India, Fishes, vol. 2, p. 116, 1889. — Rutter, Proc. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1897, p. 76 (compiled). — Hora, Journ. Nat. 

 Hist. Soc. Siam, vol. 6, No. 2, p. 177, 1923 (Nontaburi). — Pearson, Ceylon 

 Administr. Rep., 1925, p. F14. 



Bola axillaris Jordan and Starks, Ann. Carnegie Mus., vol. 11, Nos. 3, 4, p. 451, 

 1917 (Ceylon). 



Johnius axillaris Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1927, p. 285 

 (Vigan; Orion). 



Corvina papuensis Hase, Jena Zeitschr. Nat., vol. 51, p. 531, figs. 4-6, 1914 

 (type locality: Tami, Kaiser Wilhelms Land, New Guinea). 



Johnius papuensis Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 235, 1928 (copied). 



Depth 3% to 4; head 3 to 3%, width 1% to 1%. Snout 3K to 3% in 

 head; eye 4 to 4,%, IK to 1% in snout, 1% to Iji in interorbital ; maxillary 

 reaches % to K in eye, expansion 1}^ to 1% in eye, length 2% to 2% in 

 head; outer upper row and inner lower row of teeth enlarged, latter 

 little shorter; interorbital 3K to 4, sHghtly convex. Gill rakers 7 + 4, 

 lanceolate. 



Scales 48 or 49 in lateral line to caudal base; 7 above, 8 below, 30 

 predorsal. Scales with 9 to 11 basal radiating striae; 36 to 38 apical 

 denticles, with 7 or 8 transverse rows of basal elements; circuli fine. 



D. X or XI, 27, i or 28, i, third spine 1% to 1% in head, first ray 

 2% to 2%; A. II, 7, i, second spine 2}^ to 2%, third ray 1% to 2; caudal 

 1}^ to 1%, cuneate; least depth of caudal peduncle 3)2 to 3%; pectoral 

 1/3 to 1%; ventral IK to 1%. 



Drab-brown above, white below. Spinous dorsal neutral dusky 

 terminally. Soft vertical fins brownish, also paired fins, but lower 

 rays of both pale yellowish. Iris gray. 



India, East Indies, PhiUppines, China. The nominal Corvina 

 papuensis is evidently synonymous, Hase seeming to distinguish it 

 chiefly by the larger scales. 



Four examples, A.N.S.P. Vigan, Luzon. Rev. Joseph Clemens. 1923. 



Length, 90 to 148 mm. 

 A.N.S.P. No. 52717. Orion, Luzon. Rev. Joseph Clemens. 1923. Purchased. 



Length, 108 mm. 



JOHNIUS HYPOSTOMUS (Bleeker) 



Corvina hypostoma Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Nederland. Indie, vol. 5, p. 499, 1853 



(type locality: Padang, Sumatra). 

 Sciaena hypostoma GtJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 2, p. 293, 1860 (copied). 

 Johnius hypostoma Bleeker, Verh. kon. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, vol. 14, No. 



4, p. 42, 1874 (Sumatra); Atlas Ichth. Ind. N6erland., vol. 9, pi. (1)384, 



fig. 2, 1877. 



