410 BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



the color; all these are points of resemblance, which make it neces- 

 sary to include the sponge in Dendy's species, which is based on a 

 specimen from Ceylon waters. 



There are, of course, minor quantitative differences from the type. 

 The spicules, disregarding the smaller sizes, range from 400 by 12 [x 

 to 520 by 20 jx; upper limit in the type is 640 by 32 jx. In the type 

 the oxeas of the dermal brushes project very slightly, and the brushes 

 themselves are said to be dense. In the Albatross specimen the spic- 

 ules commonly project 70-140 jx. The brushes are closely set, al- 

 though, as is best seen in surface preparations of the dermal mem- 

 brane, there are intervals between them. The brushes themselves 

 are, however, not dense, but rather loose bouquets of spicules, vary- 

 ing down to little groups of two or three and indeed to single spic- 

 ules. The dermal membrane also includes abundant oxeas scattered 

 tangentially in all directions. 



Dendy thinks the spicules of the dermal brushes are perhaps more 

 slender than the spicules in general. This does not seem, from the 

 measurements I have made, to be the case in the Albatross specimen. 



The species has also been taken in the Red Sea (Row, 1911, p. 

 321). In these specimens the spicules reached a length of 600 [x. 

 The Albatross specimen is in size intermediate between the type and 

 the largest of Row's specimens, which measured 100 by 55 mm. 



Subfamily Chalininae. 



Chalineae O. Schmidt, 1868. 

 Chalininae Ridley and Dendy, 1887. 



Skeleton typically and almost always a network of horny spiculo- 

 fibers, characterized by considerable regularity of arrangement; the 

 spongin usually completely enveloping the spicules, which may be 

 present in numerous rows or in a few or only one axial row; or 

 the fiber may contain only a few scattered spicules. In extreme 

 cases the spicules are vestigial or even completely absent, such forms 

 becoming pseudoceratose (Dendy, 1905). The group extends over 

 toward Reniera in that it includes species in which the skeleton 

 is a combination of a renierine reticulum and distinctly chalinine 

 fibers. 



The group, which dates back to Schmidt, 1868, is taken in the 

 sense of Ridley and Dendy (1887), Dendy, 1890, and Dendy, 1905. 

 Topsent, 1894c, and Thiele, 1903, include Toxocholina, assignable 

 because of its microscleres to the Gelliinae. Lundbeck, 1902 (p. 56), 

 includes some of the phloeodictyine species: Rhizochalina oleracea 

 and carotta Schmidt. Some of the forms, species of C halinopsilla 

 for example, included in Lendenf eld's (1889) Eusponginae are 

 probably to be referred here. 



