352 



BULLETIN 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



cially in the central part of the disk at either side; peripheral border 

 broadly rounded with a series of blunt, subcylindrical, spinose proc- 

 esses, throe to six or more in number, usually five or six; smooth 

 except for the channels of the supplementary canals; aperture a row 

 of rounded pores along the inner margin of the chamber. 



Diameter up to 3 mm. or more. 



The species is very common in the Philippine collection, especially 

 in warm shallow waters, where it is sometimes very abundant. The 

 depths at which specimens were found range from 16 to 1,092 fath- 

 oms (29 to 1,998 meters), with the average depth 173 fathoms (316 

 meters). Bottom temperatures, where given, range from 51.5° F. to 

 59° F. (10.8° C. to 15° C), the average temperature being 51.5° F. 

 (10.8 C). 



The stations include the following localities: China Sea, off southern 

 Luzon ; Sulu Sea, off western Mindanao ; vicinity of Jolo ; off northern 

 Cebu; eastern Palawan and vicinity; northern Mindanao and vicinity; 

 Gulf of Tomini, Celebes; south of Patiente Strait; Binang Pool, 

 Subin Bay; and off Cebu. 



Linnaeus is usually given as the author of the species, but it appar- 

 ently was not named until Gmelin's edition, and according to present 

 usage should be given Gmelin's name. There seems to be no question 

 as to what is meant by the Spengler figure of ^'Ammonshom" in 1781 

 which is referred to by Gmelin. In his 1826 work d'Orbigny gives 

 Tinoporus haculatus Montfort and Siderolites calcitrapoides Lamarck 

 as synonyms of Calcarina spengleri, but both seem to be other things, 

 as will be discussed later. The Challenger figures of this species seem 



to be excellent. 



Calcarina spengleri — Material examined. 



