FOKAMIISriFERA OF THE PHILIPPINE AND ADJACENT SEAS. 353 

 CALCARINA DEFKANCH d'Orblgny. 



Plate 75, fig. 2. 



Caknrina defrancii d'Orbigny, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. 7, 182G, p. 276, pi. 13, figs. 



5-7.— n. B. Brady, Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zoology, vol. 9, 1884, p. 714, pi. 108, 



figs. 6a-c.— MiLLETT. Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc, 1904, p. 598.— Fornasini, Mem. 



Accad. Sci. Bologna, ser. 6, vol. 5, 1908, p. 7, pi. 3, figs. 3, 4. 

 Calcarina spengleri, var., Carpenter, Parker, and Jones, Introd. Foram., 1862, 



p. 217, pi. 14, fig. 2, figs. 34 A-G in text. — Parker and Jones, Ann. Mag. Nat. 



Hist., ser. 3, vol. 12, 1863, p. 439, No. 6. 



Description. — Test lenticular, biconvex, chambers numerous in a 

 close-coiled, flattened, trochoid spire of about three volutions, each 

 with several chambers; the sutures distinct on the ventral side, but 

 much obscured or obsolete on the dorsal side, the spire, however, 

 usuall}' distinct; wall, especially on the dorsal side, covered by a 

 supplementary skeleton, the surface with spinose tubercles; periph- 

 eral border bluntly angled, \di\\ a series of elongate spines, generally- 

 cylindrical; the outer ends blunt, typically one spine from the outer 

 end of each chamber, channeled longitudinally; the neighboring 

 spines of the different whorls often fusing near the base and the free 

 ends continuing their direction make an apparent bifurcating spine; 

 aperture at the base of the last-formed chamber. 

 Diameter up to 2.5 mm. or more. 



The species is very common at a few stations, most of which are 

 in shallow, quiet water, and it is evident that its best development 

 is in such localities. D'Orbigny's original specimens were from the 

 Red Sea. Brady had his best specimens from oft' the Admiralty 

 Islands in 15 to 25 fathoms (27 to 46 meters). Millett gives the 

 following: 

 In the Malay Archipelago this is the most abundant species of the genus. 

 Fornasini in figuring the tracings of the ''planches inedites" gives 

 more bizarre forms than the Challenger or d'Orbigny's originals, and 

 figures one specimen with decidedly forked tips to the spines. Car- 

 penter also figures similar specimens as the "Pliilippine variety of 

 Calcarina," and in his text clearly shows that C. defraridi is much 

 more abundant in the Philippines than in the Mediterranean. 



In the Philippine collections this has occurred at the following lo- 

 calities: China Sea, off southern Luzon; Sulu Sea, off western Min- 

 danao; Sulu Archipelago; Tawi Tawi Group, between Panay and 

 Negros; Tanon Strait; Pujuda Bay and vicinity; Gulf of Davao; 

 Palawan Passage; Ragay Gulf; Luzon, between Burias and Luzon; 

 Buton Strait; and Binang Pool, Subin Bay. 



The range in depth is from 18 to 565 fathoms (33 to 1,033 meters), 

 and the bottom temperatures, where given, range from 46.2° F. to 

 79.5° F. (7.8° C. to 26.3° C). 



It is evident that in the Philippine and Malay regions this is a very 

 abundant species. 



182152—20 23 



