96 BULLETIN 186, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



rectrices chestnut-red; the throat with scattered buffy feathers; the 

 remaining underparts ferruginous with many of the feathers narrowly 

 edged white and the center of the abdomen dirty white. 



GALLUS GALLUS GALLUS (Linnaeus) 



Red Junglefowl 



[Phasianus] Gallus Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 158 ("in 



India Orientali : Pouli candor, etc." ; type locality restricted to Pulau Kondor, 



off the delta of the Mae Khong). 

 Gallus ferruginous, Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., 1913, p. 67 



(Mae Raem, Ban Huai Horn) ; Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 1915, p. 235 



(listed). 

 Gallus gallus, Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., 1916, p. 157 



(Khun Tan, Pha Kho) ; Ibis, 1920, p. 737 ("Throughout the whole country"). 

 Gallus gallus gallus, de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1928, 



p. 575 (Doi Suthep). — Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1936, 



p. 79 (Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep ) .—Riley, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 172, 1938, 



p. 71 (Mae Kong Ka valley). 

 Gallus gallus robinsoni, de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929, 



p. 580 (Chiang Saen, Chiang Rai) ; 1934, p. 273 (Doi Suthep, Doi Chiang 



Dao, Mae Rim). 

 Gallus bankiva robinsoni, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1931, p. 



167 (Chiang Mai). 



In spite of persecution the junglefowl is common throughout our 

 provinces, occurring in fa daeng, bamboo brakes, mixed-deciduous 

 forest, and the evergreen, from the plains to at least 4,500 feet. Eisen- 

 hofer sent to Stockholm 14 skins from Khun Tan. I have specimens 

 from Doi Ang Ka, Ban Mae Klang, and Muang Fang and have heard 

 or seen the species at numerous other localities. 



The hai pa spend the heat of the day hidden in the depths of the 

 jungle, but early in the morning and again at evening they may often 

 be seen feeding at the edge of the forest or in clearings. They are 

 wary birds and at the least alarm run, with outstretched neck, to cover, 

 sometimes, especially on a slope, leaving the ground and sailing at a 

 low elevation with wings stiffly set. The challenge of the male is 

 rather different from the crow of the domesticated bird of the Occident : 

 it is cut off sharply at the end and is delivered in the cracked voice of a 

 western cockerel. Both sexes cackle wildly when frightened, and the 

 hen keeps up a constant low clucking and cackling when leading a brood 

 of chicks. Stomachs examined by me contained seeds and insects. 



I found hens with half -grown chicks on Doi Ang Ka, April 6 and 

 May 7, and took a juvenile male at Muang Fang, July 15. 



The coloration of the soft parts varies somewhat in accordance 

 with age of specimen. De Schauensee records that northern males had 

 the irides reddish brown, sandy orange, or crimson; the facial skin, 



