214 BULLETIN 186, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



at Chiang Mai, April 29, 1935, and have juveniles from Muang Fang, 

 July 20, and Wiang Pa Pao, August 4. 



Adults had the irides dark brown ; the eyelids plumbeous ; the bill 

 black, bluish plumbeous or fleshy plumbeous at the base of mandible ; 

 the feet and toes plumbeous, the soles tinged yellowish ; the claws dark 

 plumbeous or horny black. A juvenile male had the irides dull brown- 

 ish gray ; the eyelids dark plumbeous ; the bill black, dusky flesh at the 

 base of the mandible ; the rictus dead white ; the interior of the mouth 

 fleshy violet ; the feet and toes dark slaty ; the claws brownish black. 



This is a broad- winged, short-legged, rather elongated bird with a 

 thin, sickle-shaped bill and a large, flabelliform crest. It has the head, 

 black-tipped crest feathers, and nape light rufous; the upper back 

 earthy brown, suffused with rufous; the middle back, scapulars, and 

 wings broadly banded black and buffy white; the rump pure white; 

 the tail black, with a narrow white cross bar at the middle when 

 folded, a white inverted V when spread ; the throat, breast, and upper 

 abdomen rufous- vinaceous ; the remaining underparts white, with long 

 black streaks on the flanks and lower belly; the under wing coverts 

 rufous- vinaceous. 



Family BUCEROTIDAE 



DICHOCEROS BICORNIS CAVATUS (Shaw) 



Indian Concave-casqued Hornbill 



Bucei'os cavatus Shaw, General zoology, vol. 8, pt. 1, 1812, pp. 18-19 ("supposed 

 to be a native of the Philippine isles," error ; type locality corrected to India, 

 by Stuart Baker, Fauna of British India, Birds, ed. 2, vol. 7, 1930, p. 356 ; 

 here restricted to Travancore). 



Dichoceros bicornis, Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., 1913, p. 

 55 (Ban Huai Horn, Khao Phlung) ; 1916, p. 112 (Pha Kho, Khun Tan) ; 

 Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 1915, p. 231 (listed) ; Ibis, 1920, p. 586 ("Through- 

 out the whole country"). — de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel- 

 phia, 1928, p. 572 (Doi Suthep) ; 1929, p. 574 (Doi Suthep) ; 1934, p. 263 

 (Khun Tan, Doi Suthep). — Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1931, 

 p. 162 (Doi Suthep) ; 1936, p. 94 (Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep). 



The giant hornbill is a common resident of primeval evergreen for- 

 est in every part of our area, from the plains to about 5,500 feet. The 

 earliest northern specimen is a female in Hannover, taken by Eisen- 

 hofer in 1910 "between Utaradit & N. Lampang." To Stockholm the 

 same collector sent three undated skins from Khun Tan, and Fejos a 

 female from Doi Chiang Dao, April 19, 1938. On Doi Suthep it oc- 

 curred at all seasons in the heavy jungle between 3,300 and 4,600 feet, 

 less commonly up to 5,000 feet. The only record of its visiting the 

 Chiang Mai plain, where the vegetation is unsuitable, is September 

 16, 1935, when one was collected from a small flock feeding on ripe 

 figs, but I have several times observed parties flying over the city so 

 high as to be almost invisible to the naked eye. 



