THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 245 



or wholly slaty, or plumbeous with the culmen slaty; the feet, toes, 

 and claws slaty olive, or the feet and toes plumbeous and the claws 

 slaty. 



The adult male has the crown and nape crimson; the uppermost 

 back, the rump, upper tail coverts, and the two central pairs of rectrices 

 usually unmarked black; the remaining upperparts, including the 

 wings and outer rectrices, black, barred and spotted with white; the 

 sides of the head gray, changing to white on the sides of the neck, some 

 of the feathers behind the eye with black shaft streaks ; a black streak, 

 broadening posteriorly, from the base of the mandible; the chin and 

 throat whitish ; the remaining underparts gray, more or less strongly 

 suffused with fulvous, boldly streaked, especially on the breast, with 

 black; the under tail coverts crimson. The adult female differs in 

 lacking crimson on the crown. Immature birds of either sex have 

 the feathers of the crown tipped with crimson. 



DRYOBATES MACEI LONGIPENNIS (Hesse) 



Thai Spotted-breasted Pied Woodpecker 



Dendrocopos analis longipennis Hesse, Orn. Monatsb., vol. 20, 1912, p. 82 (Bang- 

 kok, Thailand). 



Dryobates analis longipennis, de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 

 1929, p. 567 (Chiang Mai); 1934, p. 250 (Chiang Mai).— Deignan, Journ. 

 Siam Soe. Nat. Hist. S-uppl., 1931, p. 157 (Chiang Mai) ; 1936, p. 96 (Chiang 

 Mai). 



No member of the Thai avifauna has a more curiously discontinuous 

 distribution than the present species, until now recorded only from 

 Ban Hua Mak, Bangkok, Mae Klong, Ko Lak, and the vicinity of 

 Chiang Mai. 



At Chiang Mai this woodpecker, like the spotted owl (Athene orama 

 mayH) and the white-winged starling (Sturniu malabarica nemori- 

 cola), is closely associated with the open groves of mai kwao (Butea 

 frondosa) and, while fairly common, is local and confined to the 

 neighborhood of lowland villages to the same extent as the tree. The 

 reason for this relationship, which seems not to obtain elsewhere, is 

 obscure and worthy of investigation. A male with enlarged gonads, 

 shot in a mat kwao, February 9, 1929, had fed upon the larvae of a 

 beetle. 



Examples of either sex had the irides brown ; the orbital skin slaty ; 

 the bill slaty, paler toward the base ; the feet and toes plumbeous ; the 

 claws slaty. 



An" adult male from Chiang Mai has the crown crimson; the nape 

 black; the remaining upperparts, including the upper tail coverts, 

 wings, and tail, black barred with white ; the sides of the head fulvous- 

 white; a black streak, broadening posteriorly, from the base of the 



