THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 413 



My specimens had the irides dark brown ; the bill black ; the interior 

 of the mouth whitish ; the feet, toes, and claws black ; the soles yellow. 



The adult male, as seen in our region, has the entire head, the chin 

 and throat, and the upperparts black, the feathers with more or less 

 broad buffy-brown edgings; the inner upper wing coverts and most 

 of the basal half of the innermost secondaries white (more or less 

 suffused with rufous-buff), to form a conspicuous wing patch; the 

 upper tail coverts white, more or less suffused with rufous-buff; the 

 tail black; the sides of the breast and lower throat pure white, this 

 color extending onto the sides of the neck to form a broadly inter- 

 rupted nuchal collar; the center of the breast buffy rufous or 

 chestnut-rufous, this color more or less strongly suffusing the white 

 of the remaining underparts; the under wing coverts and the axil- 

 laries black, narrowly tipped with white. The winter female has 

 the feathers of crown and mantle blackish brown, broadly edged with 

 buffy brown; the wing patch as in the male; the upper tail coverts 

 rufous-buff ; the tail blackish brown ; an ill-defined buffy- white super- 

 ciliary line; the chin and throat white, sometimes tinged with buff; 

 the remaining underparts, including the under wing coverts and axil- 

 laries, rufous-buff. The young male is at first like the female but, in 

 spring, begins to assume color characters of the adult. 



SAXICOLA TORQUATA YUNNANENSIS (La Touche) 

 YUNNANESB RUFOUS-BREASTED STONECHAT 



Pratincola torquata yunnanensis La Touche. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, vol. 43, 1923, 

 pp. 134-135 (Shuitang and Mengtz, southeastern Yunnan). 



Saxicola torquata stejnegeri [partim], de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Philadelphia, 1929, p. 542 (Chiang Rai [partim]). 



An adult female collected by de Schauensee at Chiang Rai, January 

 5, 1929, and an adult male taken by his men on Doi Pha Horn Pok, 

 6,400 feet, February 7, 1938, are the only examples of this race yet 

 known from our provinces. 



Typical specimens of yunnanensis differ from stejnegeri in their 

 greater dimensions and in having the chestnut-rufous of the under- 

 parts decidedly deeper everywhere. 



The male recorded (1934) by de Schauensee from Kiu Loi, 3,500 

 feet, Kengtung State, is also of the present form. 



LUSCINIA CYANE (Pallas) 



Blue Groundchat 



Motacilla Cyane Pallas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen 

 Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, pp. 220 (footnote), 697 ("In Dauuriae extremis campis 

 inter Ononem et Argunum"). 



