THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 399 



rocks beneath arching fern fronds and exploring the tangles of fallen 

 trees, now disappearing completely into a crevice among the boulders, 

 again investigating the epiphytes, which lined some decaying log. 

 On Doi Ang Ka, in April and May, it was quite fearless and con- 

 stantly attracted attention to itself by a loud, ringing song delivered 

 from the top of a rock or stump. 



A male with the gonads greatly enlarged was taken on Doi Ang Ka 

 at 5,000 feet, April 26, 1931. 



This specimen had the irides brown; the maxilla black; the man- 

 dible with the apical half horny black, the basal half horny gray ; the 

 feet and toes horn brown, tinged fleshy; the claws pale horny. 



The adult of either sex has the upperparts deep, rich brown, the 

 feathers of the crown and mantle with narrow, indistinct blackish 

 margins, the wing coverts, inner secondaries, and the feathers of the 

 lower back with small, subapical buff tips, which broaden into bars 

 on the rump; the throat, breast, and belly white or vivid buff, each 

 feather with a narrow blackish margin, those of the breast and belly 

 also with a more or less concealed blackish central area; the flank 

 feathers deep brown with a buff submarginal band and a narrow 

 blackish margin. Of six Thai males before me, two have the throat, 

 breast, and belly white and four have these parts buff. 



Family CINCLIDAE 



CINCLUS PALLASII DORJEI Kinnear 



Burmese Brown Dipper 



Cinclus pallasi dorjei Kinnear, Ibis, 1937, p. 263 (Sakden, East Bhutan). 

 Cinclus pallasii fmarila, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1935, p. 

 65 (Doi Ang Ka). 



The dipper has been recorded in Thailand only from the immediate 

 vicinity of a huge fall of the Mae Klang, at about 3,500 feet on Doi 

 Ang Ka. At this place I found a pair in September 1930, and again 

 in April and May 1931, and saw a single example on August 31, 1935. 

 The sole Thai specimen, taken by Aagaard at the same locality some- 

 time in 1931, is probably now deposited in the collection of Chulalong- 

 kon University at Bangkok. 



This small colony haunted a wider portion of the stream, where 

 the racing water boiled among great broken rocks and where the 

 swift current made it improbable that any dead bird could be retrieved. 

 The sharp, shrill call, uttered as its author bobbed up and down on 

 some spray-drenched boulder or flew above the torrent, carried easily 

 over the roar of the cataracts. 



The dippers are plump, short-tailed, thrush-like species, which, un- 

 like all other land birds, spend much of their time beneath the water. 



