514 BULLETIN 186, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



The Siberian subspecies of the paddy-field pipit is a common winter 

 visitor to the lowlands of all our provinces from October 1 (1936) at 

 Ban Mae Wen to April 16 (1930) at Ban Nam Khian. 



This form haunts the same places as Anthus r. rufulus, from which 

 it is usually separable at a glance by its greater proportions. 



A specimen from Chiang Mai Province, March 25, 1936, is in prenup- 

 tial molt. 



A female had the irides brown ; the maxilla horny brown ; the man- 

 dible yellow, horny at the tip; the rictus and interior of the mouth 

 yellow; the feet and toes fleshy; the claws horny brown. 



The present bird is like A. r. rufulus in plumage but is very much 

 larger. 



Whistler and Kinnear ( Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 37, 1934, 

 p. 100) keep Anthus richardi specifically distinct from A. rufulus. 

 Since the gaps between the two, both geographical and dimensional, 

 are completely bridged by A. sinensis, the recognition of more than 

 one species is quite unnecessary. The wing lengths of 11 northern 

 Thai examples of richardi range from 90.4 to 98.3 mm. ; of 2 of sinensis, 

 from 88.5 to 88.8 mm.; of 21 of rufulus, from 73 to 85 mm. 



The tarsal length of my 11 specimens of A. r. richardi ranges from 

 29.5 to 32.5 mm. ; there is still no evidence for the occurrence in north- 

 ern Thailand of Anthus campestries "thermophilics" Jerdon, said to 

 have the length of tarsus from 25 to 28.5 mm. 



ANTHUS CERVINUS (Pallas) 



Red-throated Pipit 



Motacilla Cervina Paixas, Zoographia Rosso-asiatica, vol. 1, 1811, p. 511 (Siberia). 

 Anthus rufogularis, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1931, p. 154 

 (Chiang Mai) ; 1936, p. 122 (Chiang Mai). 



The red-throated pipit has been taken in northern Thailand only at 

 Thattafang, Chiang Mai, and Ban Na Noi (Nan Province), but it is 

 quite certain to occur, at least during the migrations, at suitable 

 localities throughout our area. At Chiang Mai it is a locally common 

 visitor from November 9 (1931) to January 30 (1932) ; the extreme 

 dates for the entire North are October 13 (1936) at Thattafang and 

 April 2 (1937) at Ban Na Noi. 



I have already noted that the present species and the yellow-headed 

 wagtail regularly occur together at very wet, grassy places ; both forms 

 leave the vicinity of Chiang Mai, owing to the increasing aridity of the 

 countryside, long before their final departure from Thailand for the 

 northern breeding grounds. 



Two males had the irides dark brown ; the maxilla with the basal 

 half brown and the apical half horny black; the mandible with the 

 basal half yellow and the apical half horny black (or dusky flesh, 



