THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 505 



This wagtail is probably common in every part of the northern low- 

 lands although it is still definitely known only from Chiang Mai, 

 Lampang, and Chiang Rai Provinces; specimens have been taken be- 

 tween October 28 (1936) and April 5 (1935). 



The present form associates with M. a. leucopsis in the fields and 

 along the highways but is not often seen in the streets and gardens 

 of towns. 



M. «. ocularis is readily identifiable, even in life, by having a narrow 

 black transocular streak from the base of the bill to the nape ; other- 

 wise its plumages seem to be identical with the corresponding ones of 

 M. a. baicalensis. 



MOTACILLA ALBA ALBOIDES Hodgson 



Himalayan Pied Wagtail 



[Motacilla] Alboides Hodgson, Asiatic Researches, vol. 19, 1836, p. 191 (no lo- 

 cality given=Nepal). 



Motacilla alboides, de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1934, p. 

 238 (Chiang Saen Kao). 



A male collected by me at Thattafang on the Salwin, October 11, 

 1936, and another taken by de Schauensee at Chiang Saen Kao on the 

 Mae Kliong, February 12, 1933, are still the only specimens of this race 

 known from Thailand, although it probably occurs regularly on the 

 sand bars of these two great streams. 



In full breeding dress, alboides resembles M. a. leucopsis, but, while 

 having the sinciput, lores, and ocular region pure white, it has the 

 entire chin, throat, upper breast, sides of the neck, and the ear coverts 

 black. Examples in winter plumage vary individually much as do 

 those of leucopsis, having the mantle black or black-sullied gray, the 

 chin and throat white, black, or a mixture of the two. The white- 

 throated specimens may easily be known from leucopsis, however, by 

 always having, from the base of the bill, a narrow black streak which 

 passes below the lore and the ocular region and broadens posteriorly 

 to cover the whole of the ear coverts. 



MOTACILLA CINEREA MELANOPE Pallas 



Eastern Gray Wagtail 



Motacilla Melanope Paulas, Reise durch verschiedene Provinzen des russischen 

 Reichs, vol. 3, 1776, p. 696 ("InDauuria . . . occurrit . . ."). 



Motacilla boarula melanope, Gyujenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska "Vet.-Akad. Handl., 

 1913, p. 41 (Pak Pan) ; 1916, p. 31 (Pha Kho) ; Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 

 1915, p. 171 (listed) ; Ibis, 1920, p. 460 ("Various parts of Siam").— de 

 Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1928, p. 560 (Chiang 

 Mai) ; 1929, p. 561 (Chiang Saen). 



Motacilla cinerea caspica, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1931, 

 p. 153 (Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep). — de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 



