THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 509 



habitat is, in fact, exactly that of Anthus cervinus and, in the vicinity 

 of Chiang Mai, the two forms regularly occur together. 



The adult male, in breeding dress, has the head, neck, and entire 

 underparts bright yellow ; a narrow nuchal collar black ; the mantle 

 ashy gray, more or less suffused with olive-green; the wings black, 

 most of the feathers conspicuously margined with white along the 

 outer web; the two outermost pairs of rectrices largely white, the 

 remaining pairs black. The adult female, at the same season, differs 

 in having the forehead, supercilium, and sides of the head dull yellow 

 (mixed with dull olive-green on the ear coverts) ; the crown and nape 

 dull olive-green ; the underparts dull yellow, changing to white on the 

 longer under tail coverts. In winter plumage, adults of either sex are 

 much like the summer female. Many examples seen in Thailand wear 

 first-winter dress; they have the underparts wholly or partly ashy 

 white and, in life, resemble the immature of M. flcuva but, toward the 

 end of their stay, are easily recognized by their having the forehead 

 and supercilium yellow. 



DENDRONANTHUS INDICUS (Gmelin) 



Forest Wagtail 



[Motacilla] indica Gmelin, Systema naturae, vol. 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 962 (India). 

 Limonidromus indicus, Gyldenstolpe, Kungl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., 1913, 



p. 42 (Pak Pan) ; 1916, p. 32 ("Three days march north of Chieng Mai") ; 



Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 1915, p. 171 (listed) ; Ibis, 1920, p. 460 (Pak 



Pan, Chiang Rai). 

 DendronantJius indicus, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 1931, p. 154 



(Doi Suthep) ; 1936, p. 121 (Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep).— Riley, U. S. Nat. 



Mus. Bull. 172, 1938, p. 474 (Mae Khan, Doi Langka, Mae Kong Ka valley, 



Ban Nam Khian). 



Although the forest wagtail has been recorded from all our pro- 

 vinces, it seems to be a decidedly uncommon winter visitor to northern 

 Thailand. In the neighborhood of Chiang Mai it has been found only 

 three times: one on Doi Suthep, 3,300 feet, August 31, 1929; one at 

 the foot of the same mountain, November 21, 1935 ; one on the plain, 

 March 19, 1936. The extreme dates for its stay are ca. August 23 (1914) 

 between Wiang Pa Pao and Chiang Mai (Gyldenstolpe, 1916) and 

 May 2 (1931) at Doi Langka. Robinson's assertion (Birds of the 

 Malay Peninsula, vol. 1, 1927, p. 294) that it breeds "in Siberia and 

 North China, occasionally in Northern Burma and Siam" is merely a 

 careless copying of Stuart Baker's statement (Fauna of British India, 

 Birds, ed. 2, vol. 3, 1926, p. 276) that it breeds "in Eastern Siberia, the 

 hills of Northern China, Burma and Assam." 



This aberrant wagtail is truly an inhabitant of the jungle, whether 

 evergreen or bamboo, where it occurs, singly or in pairs, along the 



