THE BIRDS OF NORTHERN THAILAND 555 



five specimens should belong to the resident form so common on 

 neighboring hills. 



My specimens from Doi Chiang Dao were shot from a small flock 

 in the open forest of stunted oak, about 1,200 feet higher than the 

 apparent upper limit of range of mesoxantha on that mountain. 



Griswold has noted on his labels that the birds of Doi Nang Kaeo 

 had the irides very light gray; the bill black; the feet and toes 

 blue-gray. 



As stated by Stresemann {in epist.), quoted by Greenway (loc. tit.) : 

 "Palpebrosa from Mengtz, called joannae by La Touche, is very near 

 to mesoxantha Salvadori, but has the flanks a slightly darker grey and 

 the upperside more greenish, less yellowish. The name joannae may 

 stand, therefore, but the racial characters are very feebly pronounced." 



A white-eye, which may be joannae, occurs at all seasons in the low- 

 land evergreen of Chiang Rai Province. My memory of certain 

 specimens from Chiang Rai Town, in Sir Walter Williamson's collec- 

 tion, is that they agreed perfectly with my examples of joannae from 

 the heights of Chiang Dao, but his birds were perhaps merely winter 

 visitors. Three males taken by me at and near Wiang Pa Pao, July 

 24 and 30, 1935, are more golden than any others seen and might be 

 considered very worn mesoxantha but Salvadori's race is not otherwise 

 known in our area from so low an elevation and there is a strong possi- 

 bility that joannae in the same state of wear would show an equally 

 golden hue. Because of these doubtful points and the uncertain status 

 of joannae on the nearby Doi Nang Kaeo, it seems best to leave the 

 series from Wiang Pa Pao for the present without subspecific 

 determination. 



Family PLOCEIDAE 



ESTRILDA AMANDAVA AMANDAVA (Linnaeus) 



Indian Red Amadavat 



[Frmgilla] Amandava Linnaeus, Systema naturae, ed. 10, vol. 1, 1758, p. 180 

 ("in India orientali" ; type locality restricted to Calcutta, by Stuart Baker, 

 Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 27, 1921, p. 725). 



Amandava amandava amandava, Deignan, Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., 

 1936, p. 127 (Chiang Mai). 



The occurrence of the Indian race of the amadavat at Chiang Mai 

 is inexplicable unless the unique example be considered a genuine 

 straggler. It was brought me, June 1, 1935, by small boys who claimed 

 to have killed (with a catapult) one of a pair at the edge of the city. 

 The specimen had evidently been struck by a stone only a few minutes 

 before it came to my hands (since the blood had not yet clotted) and 

 thus must have been feral, if not actually wild. I have never seen the 



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