14 BULLETIN 16 3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



ings in the War Department," which was published in 1851 by 

 William H. Horstmann & Sons, Philadelphia. This work includes 

 plates showing the United States military uniforms of that time and 

 separate plates are devoted to the military swords. A second publi- 

 cation of value in this connection is the "Illustrated Catalogue of 

 Military Goods," issued by Schuyler, Hartley & Graham, of New 

 York City, in 1864. This contains the uniform regulations of the 

 period and a number of plates showing the military swords then in 

 use by officers of the United States Army. These illustrations show 

 several swords that are not pictured in the official publications. 



The descriptions given concerning the development of the United 

 States naval sword in the official publications are quite as brief and 

 indefinite as the corresponding accounts of the military swords. The 

 most important publications available in this connection are the naval 

 uniform regulations issued in 1841, 1852, 1886, and 1912. Corre- 

 sponding regulations for the Marine Corps were issued in 1859, 1875, 

 and 1913. 



The development of the European sword during the period from 

 the eleventh century to the eighteenth century has been sketched by 

 Sir Guy F. Laking in his work entitled " A Record of European 

 Arms and Armor Through Seven Centuries," London, 1920. The 

 French military swords of the eighteenth century have been fully 

 treated by Maurice Bottet in " L'arme blanche de guerre f rangaise 

 au XVIII ^ siecle," Paris, 1910, and those of the nineteenth century 

 by the same author in his " Monographie de l'arme blanche des 

 armees frangaises, 1789-1870," Paris, 1900. European military 

 swords in general, with special reference to Germany, have been 

 described by Wilhelm Gohlke in "Die blanken Waff en und die 

 Schutzwaffen," Berlin, 1912. Some information of value concerning 

 this subject is to be found in the publication entitled " Weapons of 

 War," by Auguste Demmin, translated by C. C. Black, London, 1870. 

 The technical information given in the present paper concerning 

 European swords is derived mainly from the foregoing works. 



The biographical sketches given herein concerning the owners of the 

 personal swords are intended merely as brief outlines of their careers. 

 This information is based largely upon data obtained from Appleton's 

 Cyclopedia of American Biography and is supplied to enable the 

 reader to identify the owners of these swords and to estimate the 

 value of their military or naval services from the national viewpoint. 

 Consequently, it is omitted in the cases of many commanders who 

 have attained to the first rank in American military and naval 

 history. It has seemed advisable to furnish it, however, in connec- 

 tion with the other owners whose careers are not so well known to 

 the general public. 



