NUTTALL'S WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW 1323 



27-169514 banded Sept. 18, 1959 as Im at Blaine, Wash, by Mrs. Kline; 

 taken at San Jose Nov. 7, 1959 at our banding station and released 



27-104107 banded Nov. 11, 1959 as Im at San Jose; found dead at Cassidy, 

 Vancouver Island, B.C., letter Aug. 22, 1960. 



31-138666 banded Jan. 28, 1962 as Ad at Alviso (8 miles from banding 

 station at San Jose) was killed by a cat on August 19, 1962 at Bellingham, 

 Wash. 



31-188552 banded March 26, 1962 as Ad at Coyote (19 miles from band- 

 station) was shot May 12, 1962 at Port Angeles, Washington. 



Most of these birds were recovered in the north on dates marginal 

 to the breeding season, so we cannot say with certainty that they 

 had bred or been hatched where they were taken. The last individual 

 listed is an especially valuable record, for May 12 falls within the 

 nesting season. Hence we can say that this bird wintered at least as 

 far south as latitude 37° N. and bred at latitude 48° N., an air distance 

 of about 750 miles. This checks with the record of the Puget Sound 

 sparrow banded at Berkeley, Calif, that was found the next summer 

 at Victoria, B. C, also an air distance of about 750 miles (Clabaugh, 

 1929). 



A wealth of data on longevity in white-crowned sparrows is accu- 

 mulating through banding records. Linsdale (1949) gives the following 

 records for white-crowned sparrows banded at the Hastings Reserva- 

 tion: "18 white-crowned sparrows have returned after 5 years, while 

 5 have been captured after 7 years, and 2 lived at least 8 years." 

 C. G. Thompson (1960) reports capturing a Gambel's sparrow known 

 to be 7 years old, a Nuttall's sparrow 6 years old, and four Puget 

 Sound sparrows known to be 5, 6, 7, and 8 years old, respectively. 

 The most complete individual record I know of is that for a Gambel's 

 sparrow banded as an immature by Franklin G. Crawford in Altadena, 

 Calif. Nov. 22, 1942. It was recaptured 11 times, at least once each 

 year, through March 1950. On March 5 of that year it was taken 

 for the last time when it was nearly 8 years old. Crawford (1950) 

 states that this is the only individual, out of 848 birds he banded 

 between 1941 and 1946, with a proved life or more than 5 years. 



No list of the types of information yielded by banding would be 

 complete without mention of the study conducted at Pasadena, 

 Calif, by Harold and Josephine R. Michener (1943) on the rate and 

 sequence of prenuptial molt in Z. I. gambelii. Repeated observations 

 of the same individuals obviously played an important role in this 

 thorough analysis. Banding and retrapping made this possible, 

 and at the same time permitted the subjects of the study to live under 

 natural conditions. 



Distribution 



Range. — Nuttall's white-crowned sparrow is resident along a nar- 

 row coastal strip of central California from Mendocino County south 



