1422 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 23 7 part 3 



P. i. sinuosa: A wide variety of chaparral cover or underbrush of forest and 

 woodland is occupied, but preference is shown for inland areas and hence the 

 majority of the birds occupy semi-arid chaparral of lower mountain slopes. 



P. i. meruloides [annedens]: Chaparral and underbrush of forest and woodland, 

 normally, in view of concentration of population near coast, of fairly moist 

 character. Thimble-berry, poison oak, nine-bark, ceanothus and baccharis are 

 frequent components of the plant cover. The forage beat is accordingly well 

 shaded and the leaf litter in which the birds forage is wet and soft through much 

 of the winter season when the birds are present. 



P. i. toionsendi: Typically, heavy forest undergrowth and tall dense chaparral in 

 burned-over forest areas. The ground where activity centers is usually heavily 

 shaded, moist, and well covered with soft leaf litter. Illumination of twilight 

 intensity prevails throughout most of the day in the winter season in the habitat 

 of this Fox Sparrow. 



P. i. fuliginosa: Heavy coastal chaparral and forest undergrowth, typified by 

 moist, weakly insulated thickets of thimble-berry, ceanothus, and salal. Through 

 the damp, poorly-lighted alleyways beneath the bushes these birds move in search 

 for food by the characteristic scratching method of this species. Concentration 

 of birds in the bush tops at a source of disturbance suggests flocking, but merely 

 because of close spacing of individuals; actually each Fox Sparrow moves inde- 

 pendently along its forage beat on the ground and to some degree defends it 

 against competing members of the species. 



Distribution 



Shumagin Fox Sparrow (P. i. unalaschcensis) 



Range. — Eastern Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula to coastal 

 California. 



Breeding range. — The Shumagin fox sparrow breeds on the eastern 

 Aleutian Islands (west to Unalaska), the Shumagin and Semidi 

 islands, and the Alaska Peninsula (east to the Katmai area). 



Winter range. — Winters from southwestern British Columbia (De- 

 parture Bay, Vancouver) south through western Washington and 

 western Oregon to California (Helena, Paine Creek, Escondido; 

 Santa Catalina and San Clemente islands); rarely to northwestern 

 Baja California (La Grulla). 



Casual records. — Casual north to Pribilof Islands (St. Paul), Nunivak 

 Island, and Point Barrow, Alaska. Accidental (apparently this race) 

 in eastern Siberia (on Tshukotka, north of Anadyr). 



Kodiak Fox Sparrow (P. i. insularis) 



Range. — Kodiak Islands. Alaska, to coastal California. 



Breeding range. — The Kodiak fox sparrow breeds in the Kodiak 

 Island group, southern Alaska. 



Winter range. — Winters chiefly in Coastal districts of central and 

 southern California (Lakeport, San Geronimo, Santa Monica Moun- 

 tains, Catalina Island); less commonly from southwestern British 



