﻿art 
  9 
  UNUSUAL 
  FORMS 
  OP 
  FOSSIL 
  CRINOIDS 
  SPRINGER 
  77 
  

  

  Genus 
  WOODOCRINUS 
  De 
  Koninck 
  

  

  Plate 
  26 
  

  

  Woodocrimis 
  De 
  Koninck, 
  Recb. 
  Crin. 
  Carb. 
  Belg., 
  Supp. 
  1854, 
  p. 
  4. 
  — 
  

   Wachsmuth 
  and 
  Spkinger, 
  Rev. 
  Pal., 
  pt. 
  1, 
  1879, 
  p. 
  124; 
  pt. 
  3, 
  1886, 
  

   p. 
  239. 
  — 
  Zittel-Eastman, 
  Textb. 
  Pal., 
  1913, 
  p. 
  223. 
  — 
  Wright, 
  Trans. 
  

   Geol. 
  Soc. 
  Glasgow, 
  vol. 
  16, 
  1917-18, 
  pp. 
  364-391 
  ; 
  Geol. 
  Mag., 
  vol. 
  61, 
  

   1924, 
  pp. 
  270-9. 
  

  

  Mountain 
  limestone 
  to 
  Hurlet 
  formation 
  ; 
  England 
  and 
  Scotland. 
  

  

  Much 
  confusion 
  in 
  the 
  literature 
  was 
  caused 
  by 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  

   Wachsmuth 
  and 
  Springer 
  in 
  1886, 
  in 
  referring 
  to 
  this 
  genus 
  a 
  large 
  

   number 
  of 
  American 
  species 
  previously 
  ranged 
  under 
  PachyloerinuSy 
  

   Zeacrinus, 
  etc. 
  Subsequent 
  consideration 
  has 
  shown 
  that 
  the 
  ar- 
  

   rangmeent 
  was 
  not 
  well 
  founded, 
  and 
  it 
  should 
  be 
  disregarded. 
  

  

  The 
  genus, 
  with 
  a 
  calyx 
  substantially 
  similar 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  other 
  

   turbinate 
  forms 
  of 
  the 
  group, 
  is 
  strongly 
  characterized 
  by 
  its 
  few 
  

   ponderous, 
  rounded 
  arms, 
  composed 
  of 
  extremely 
  short 
  brachials 
  

   with 
  parallel 
  sutures 
  ; 
  they 
  branch 
  into 
  mostly 
  equal 
  divisions 
  some- 
  

   what 
  irregularly, 
  giving 
  4, 
  3, 
  and 
  occasionally 
  only 
  2, 
  arms 
  to 
  the 
  

   ray. 
  The 
  plates 
  of 
  the 
  anal 
  side 
  are 
  unusually 
  conspicuous 
  and 
  

   numerous, 
  passing 
  in 
  a 
  strong 
  series 
  up 
  between 
  the 
  rays, 
  which 
  with 
  

   the 
  spreading 
  arms 
  indicates 
  a 
  large 
  ventral 
  sac 
  of 
  the 
  expanding 
  

   type 
  — 
  not 
  yet 
  observed, 
  however. 
  

  

  The 
  range 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  as 
  originally 
  described 
  from 
  the 
  mountain 
  

   limestone 
  of 
  Yorkshire 
  has 
  been 
  materially 
  increased 
  by 
  the 
  re- 
  

   searches 
  of 
  James 
  Wright 
  in 
  the 
  Hurlet 
  Limestone 
  of 
  Inverteil, 
  and 
  

   of 
  Penton 
  Linns, 
  Scotland, 
  where 
  he 
  finds 
  it 
  occurring 
  abundantly, 
  

   in 
  probably 
  two 
  species 
  different 
  from 
  the 
  type. 
  As 
  the 
  Hurlet 
  

   formation 
  represents 
  in 
  part 
  the 
  American 
  Chester, 
  passing 
  up 
  into 
  

   the 
  Coal 
  Measures, 
  this 
  gives 
  a 
  stratigraphic 
  range 
  comparable 
  to 
  

   that 
  of 
  Zeacrinus 
  and 
  other 
  genera 
  of 
  this 
  group. 
  For 
  comparison 
  

   I 
  am 
  figuring 
  a 
  characteristic 
  specimen 
  of 
  the 
  type 
  species, 
  W. 
  

   macrodactylus 
  De 
  Koninck, 
  from 
  Richmond, 
  England 
  (pi- 
  26, 
  fig- 
  

   19). 
  There 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  good 
  figure 
  of 
  it 
  in 
  Zittel-Eastman, 
  1913 
  (p. 
  

   223, 
  fig. 
  324.) 
  

  

  Genus 
  ZEACRINUS 
  (Troost) 
  Hall 
  

  

  Plates 
  21, 
  22, 
  23 
  

  

  Zeacrinus 
  Hall, 
  Geol. 
  Iowa, 
  pt. 
  2, 
  1858, 
  p. 
  144. 
  — 
  Meek 
  and 
  Worthen, 
  

   Geol. 
  Surv. 
  111. 
  vol. 
  2, 
  1860, 
  p. 
  186.— 
  Wachsmuth 
  and 
  Springer, 
  

   Rev. 
  Pal., 
  pt. 
  1, 
  1S79, 
  p. 
  125 
  ; 
  pt. 
  3, 
  1SS6, 
  p. 
  243.— 
  Bather, 
  Edinb. 
  Geol. 
  

   Soc., 
  vol. 
  10, 
  1911, 
  p. 
  61. 
  — 
  Wright, 
  Trans. 
  Geol. 
  Soc. 
  Glasgow, 
  vol. 
  

   16, 
  pt. 
  3, 
  1917-18, 
  380. 
  

  

  Mississippian 
  ; 
  Kinderbook 
  to 
  Upper 
  Carboniferous 
  ; 
  and 
  Hurlet 
  limestone, 
  

   Scotland. 
  

  

  The 
  characters 
  of 
  this 
  genus 
  as 
  fully 
  set 
  forth 
  by 
  Wachsmuth 
  

   and 
  Springer 
  in 
  1879 
  (Rev. 
  Pal., 
  pt. 
  1, 
  p. 
  125) 
  hold 
  good 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  