STARFISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE SEAS. 479 



spinelets of the superonuiringal plates increase slightly in size toward 

 the inner margin, but there is much variation in this character. 

 There are 7 series of papular pores, but the lowest are very small. 

 Most of the pores are guarded by 1 or 2 pedicellariae, subequal to 

 the spinelets, or larger. There is considerable variation in their 

 occurrence. Sometimes nearly all the pores are guarded, at least 

 on the proximal half of ray, while in others less than half. Pedicel- 

 lariae sometimes occur proximally on the transverse sutures between 

 the carinal plates. 



Prominent adambulacral plates of type with a transverse series of 

 6 or 7 spines, 3 or 4 on the projection. There is usually 1 deep in 

 the furrow, with a large, and 1 or more small, pedicellariae at the tip 

 (or small pedicellariae only). Above this forming a nearly vertical 

 series are 3 other spines, usually flattened. The lowest has a large 

 pedicellaria as long as the spine, sometimes with additional small 

 ones; the next 2 are usually without pedicellariae. Two or 3 shorter 

 spinelets follow, on the actinal surface of the plate, but in line with 

 the foregoing, while 2 or 3 (or less) additional spinelets form an 

 independent transverse series adorad to the outer 2 of the principal 

 series. These 4 or 5 spinelets form a group, and are subequal to the 

 spinelets of the adjacent actinal plates. The nonprominent plates 

 have a group of 4 or 5 spinelets subequal to the outer spinelets of 

 the prominent plates. One stands on the furrow margin, adjacent 

 to a tube foot, and has 1 or 2 medium-sized pedicellariae at the tip. 

 In a large specimen from station 5326, the 3 inner spines of each 

 prominent plate are provided with pedicellariae. Many plates have 

 only the single transverse row of spines without the additional 

 adoral spinelets. In small specimens, the pedicellariae tend to be 

 relatively smaller. There is considerable variation in the relative 

 numbers of large and small pedicellariae, but thej are much more 

 numerous than in Z. carinatus. In some specimens pedicellariae are 

 lacking on the nonprominent plates. 



Madreporic body small, about half as broad as adjacent basal plate. 



Young. — The smallest specimen (station 5453), and the only one 

 with 6 rays, measures R, 24 mm., r, 3.5 mm., R=:6.8 r. The carinal 

 plates are conspicuous, and touch the superomarginals. In addition 

 to the inferomarginals there are a series of actinal intermediate 

 plates, the inner of which extends two-thirds the length of ray. 

 These plates bear a central spine as in the adult, and the central 

 spinelets of the carinal plates are slightly enlarged. Four series of 

 papulae — one on either side of the carinal plates, and one inter- 

 marginal. The prominent adambulacral plates have 3 permanent 

 spines in the furrow, the lowest with 1 or 2 pedicellariae, and on the 

 actinal surface 2 or 3 additional spinelets, 1 usually out of line. The 



