62 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 237 part i 



was advanced toward the bird did he fly, but only to alight on a 

 limb a few feet distant," 



Young. — In his summary, Weston (1947) writes: "Both sexes care 

 for the young. During the first four daj^s after hatching, young are 

 fed with a soft mash. On the fourth day, whole material is introduced 

 into the diet. Early in the nestling period, fecal sacs are eaten by 

 either parent. As the young develop, both parents spend progres- 

 sively longer periods off the nest. The nestling period is twelve 

 d&js. After departure from the nest the young follow the female." 



Mrs. Wheelock (1912) says: "From watching the adults gather 

 insects for the young, I am confident that so long as they remain in 

 the nest, they are fed upon an animal diet, and for the first few days 

 by regurgitation. In a little less than two weeks they hop out onto 

 the small branches, and by instinct are soon pecldng at every green 

 thing in sight. For some time they seem to keep with the adults, 

 being fed and guarded tenderly by them." 



Plumages. — James Lee Peters contributes the following: "The 

 grayish-white natal down is succeeded by the juvenal plumage in 

 which the sexual dimorphism is already apparent; the juvenal male 

 nearly resembles the female and differs from the adult male in spring 

 plumage in possessing a broad median coronal stripe of buffy bordered 

 laterally with black, a white supraorbital stripe and gray ear coverts; 

 the dorsal plumage is streaked rather than blotched, the black areas 

 reduced and duUer in color; the nuchal band is like the crown stripe; 

 under parts much paler becoming white on throat and abdomen; 

 wings and tail brown instead of black, the white spots and markings 

 reduced in size; the lemon-yellow under-wing lining is as in the adult, 

 but the spot of that color on the abdomen is lacking. The juvenal 

 female is not very different from the adult female, but is duller below 

 and with more and wider streaks on breast and flanks; the yeUow 

 abdominal patch is absent. 



"The juvenal plumage is immediately followed by the immatiu-e or 

 first-winter plumage which is acquired by a complete molt of the body 

 feathers, but the wings and tail of the juvenal plumage are retained. 

 In this plumage the sexes are somewhat similar above; the feathers 

 of the upper surface with wide black centers and broad brownish 

 edgings; below buffy cinnamon somewhat paler than in the adult; 

 posterior portion of flanks streaked in the male; flanks, and, to a 

 lesser extent, breast streaked in the female; the lemon-yellow abdom- 

 inal spot is acquired. The immature plumage is probably completely 

 assumed by October. 



"The first nuptial plumage is acquired during late winter and early 

 spring hj a partial molt of feathers of thi-oat, sides of head, ear coverts, 

 wing coverts, and tertials; sometimes one or more tail feathers with 



