HORNEMANN'S REDPOLL 399 



on the West-coast and the Mackenzie Bay region on the East-coast. 

 It spends the winter in the interior country, frequenting wind-swept 

 plateaus, hilly plains and mountain-slopes where it feeds on bushes 

 and herbs protruding above the snow. The inner, desolate parts 

 of the country are only exceptionally visited in winter by man, and 

 very little is known about the life-habits of Hornemann's Redpoll 

 there. When mountain-winds blow with high temperatures, bring- 

 ing a thaw, Hornemann's Redpoll appears in flocks at the settlements 

 on the coast * * *. Hornemann's Redpoll, in contrast to the Green- 

 land [greater] Redpoll, has never been recorded from Davis Strait 

 in the migration time, a fact which indicates that it leaves Greenland 

 only exceptionally. This holds good also of the East-coast popula- 

 tion." 



Distribution 



Range. — Eastern Canadian Arctic and Greenland to south central 

 and southeastern Canada. 



Breeding range. — Breeds on Axel Heiberg Island, EUesmere Island 

 (Slidre Fiord), Bafiin Island (Clyde Inlet), and in the northern half 

 of Greenland (Inglefield Land to Orpik on the west coast, Germania 

 Land to Scoresby Sound on the east coast). Has been taken in 

 summer months in Spitsbergen and Jan Mayen Island. 



Winter range. — Winters in southern half of Greenland (in migra- 

 tion casually north to Peary Land); casually south to northern 

 Manitoba (Churchill), Keewatin (Southampton Island), northern 

 Michigan (McMillan, Sault Ste. Marie), southern Ontario (Gait), 

 northern Quebec (Fort Chimo), Labrador (Kamarsuk), Scotland 

 (Unst, Fair Isle), and England (Whitburn, Spurn). 



Casual records. — Accidental in Sweden (Gallivare, Lule Lapfmark) 

 and in France (Abbeville). 



Migration. — Data apply to the species as a whole. Late dates 

 of spring departure are: New Jersey — West Englewood, April 1. 

 New York — Tuckahoe, March 24. Massachusetts — eastern Massa- 

 chusetts, March 20. Michigan — Blaney Park, March 17. Wiscon- 

 sin — Duran County, March 26. Minnesota — Kittson County, April 

 11. Alberta — Glenevis, April 10, British Columbia — Cranbrook, 

 April 20. 



Early dates of fall arrival are: British Columbia — Atlin, September 

 30. Montana — Moiese, November 27. Minnesota — St. Vincent, 

 October 26. Wisconsin — New London, November 7. Quebec — 

 Montreal, November 23. Maine — Skowhegan, November 25. Mas- 

 sachusetts — Swampscott, November 16. 



