524 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 237 part i 



Winter range. — Same as breeding range, except for sporadic wander- 

 ings west to western Oregon (Yaquina Bay, Fort Klamath), Idaho 

 (Moscow), east to eastern North Dakota (Grafton), Minnesota 

 (MinneapoUs), and northern Michigan (McMillan), and south to 

 southern California (Mount Pinos, Providence Mountains), southern 

 Nevada (Lake Mead), central and southeastern Arizona (Yavapai 

 County, Huachuca Mountains), western Oklahoma (Kenton), and 

 western and southeastern Texas (Frijole, Galveston). 



Casual record. — Casual in southwestern Saskatchewan (Cypress 

 HUls). 



Egg dates. — Colorado: 5 records, January 30 to July 27. 



LOXIA CURVIROSTRA GRINNELLI Griscom 



Grinnell's Crossbill 



Habits 



Ludlow Griscom (1937) in naming this race says: "It seems most 

 fitting * * * that the race here described should be named after 

 Dr. Joseph Grinnell, the dean of California ornithologists, and a leader 

 in the study of the crossbills of his State." 



His diagnosis follows: "A large crossbUl, the adult male scarlet 

 in general coloration throughout the year; wing length and exposed 

 culmen exactly as in benti; differing from benti in having a much deeper 

 bill, 10.3-11.5, versus 10.0-10.5, and never having the pronounced 

 rosy and paler coloration of that race; easily separable from bendirei in 

 much larger size and deeper bill. Also readily separable from strick- 

 landi, a stUl larger bird, with a stiU deeper bill, and darker coloration, 

 in adult males blood red rather than scarlet." 



He gives it the following rather wide range: "California: Fairly 

 common resident in the higher Sierra Nevada from Mt. Shasta to Mt. 

 Whitney; also Mt. Pinos, Ventura County, the San Bernardino 

 Mountains, and the San Jacinto Mountains; definitely breeding birds 

 are very rare in collections, as field work in most of this area in late 

 winter and early spring is practically impossible. Occurs sporadically 

 as a vagrant along the Pacific coast from Marin County to San Diego 

 County. Arizona: Of fairly common occiurrence in the mountains of 

 northern Arizona, aU but one of the pubHshed breeding records for 

 stricklandi, in the State, belonging here. Non-breeding specimens 

 not uncommon in the larger esatern collections and the important 

 western ones. Has definitely bred in the Kaibab National Forest, 

 Grand Canyon, near Williams (Wetmore) , in the MogoUon Mountains, 

 and almost certainly on San Francisco Mountain and near Springer- 

 viUe. Field experience proves conclusively that the occurrence of 



