CAPE COLNETT TOWHEE 601 



PIPILO ERYTHROPHTHALMUS UMBRATICOLA Grinnell and Swarth 



Cape Colnett Towhee 

 Contributed by Richard Fourness Johnston 



Habits 



This race of towhee is restricted to northern Baja California and is 

 characterized in the original description (Grinnell and Swarth, 1926) as 

 follows: "Differs from P. m. megalonyx, to which it is nearest both 

 geographically and in appearance, in smaller bill and darker colora- 

 tion. Color differences are most apparent in females, these being 

 decidedly slaty dorsally in umbraticola as compared with the browner 

 tinge seen in female megalonyx. * * * The bUl and feet * * * are 

 on the average decidedly blacker than in any other of the western 

 subspecies of Pipilo maculatus.'* Morphologic intergradation be- 

 tween the two races is extensive near the northern bomidary of the 

 range outlined below for umbraticola. 



Grinnell (1928b) says the distribution of this resident race extends 

 "locally, north of latitude 30°, from San Ramdn, at the mouth of the 

 Santo Domingo River, north, centrally, to very near the United 

 States boundary, and east in the San Pedro Martir section from the 

 seacoast at Colnett to mouth of El Caj6n Canon at east base of the 

 San Pedro Martirs; reaches an altitude of 7500 feet toward the tops 

 of those mountains." The preferred habitat is found within chapar- 

 ral associations. Deep, shaded ravines are especially favored. In 

 ecology and general behavior umbraticola probably dififers little from 



megalonyx. 



Distribution 



Range. — The Cape Colnett towhee is resident in northwestern Baja 

 California between latitudes 32° and 30° N. (Sierra Juarez and Sierra 

 San Pedro Mdrtir west to the coast) , 



PIPILO ERYTHROPHTHALMUS CONSOBRINUS Ridg^vay 



Guadalupe Towhee 

 Contributed by Richard Fourness Johnston 



Habits 



Ridgway (1901) remarks skins of this towhee to be "Similar to 

 P. m. oregonus in restriction of the white markings on the wings, 

 tail, scapulars, etc., but wing and tail much shorter, and hind claw 

 much larger; adult male with the black much duUer, dark sooty 

 rather than black." 



