120 BULLETIN 188, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



14c. Lower lip with posterior groove forming a pocket that 

 opens backward ; upper lip crenulated ; no barbels ; 

 last simple dorsal ray stout, osseous, strongly 

 denticulated; dorsal, caudal, anal, and ventral fins 



black-edged Balantiocheilos 



13&. No groove posterior to lower lip, which is continuous with 



skin of throat; no barbels; last simple dorsal ray 



osseous and denticulated. 



24a. Body moderately elongate, depth 2.8 to 3.25 in standard 



length; caudal peduncle longer than deep; snout 



broad ; mouth wide, transverse, and slightly inferior ; 



pharyngeal teeth triserial; gill rakers short spines, 



about 25 on first arch ; scales in lateral line 36 to 40 ; 



branched anal rays 5 Scaphiodonichthys 



246. Body short, depth 2 in standard length ; caudal peduncle 

 deeper than long ; snout contracted ; mouth small, 

 terminal ; lower lip confined to sides of jaw, median 

 part of jaw a slender, sharp-edged bony scoop ; 

 pharyngeal teeth biserial ; gill rakers slender, wide- 

 spaced, 12 on first arch ; scales in lateral line 28 or 

 29 ; branched dorsal rays 14 ; branched anal rays 6. 



Scaphognathops 



9&. Scales in lateral line 58 to 65 ; upper lip, barbels, and gill rakers 



absent ; branched dorsal rays 8 to 10 ; last simple dorsal ray 



nonosseous and nondenticulated Thynnichthys 



86. Branched dorsal rays 11 to 18. 

 25a.. Pharyngeal teeth triserial ; last simple dorsal ray nonosseous 

 and nondenticulated; barbels rostral and usually maxillary; 



branched anal rays 5 Osteochilus 



256. Pharyngeal teeth uniserial, 5 on each side; last simple dorsal 

 ray osseous and nondenticulated ; barbels maxillary or none ; 



branched anal rays 11 to 14 Acanthorhodeus 



46. Dorsal fin with 21 to 30 branched rays ; last simple dorsal ray nonosseous 

 and nondenticulated ; snout usually with pores which may bear horny 

 tubercles; rostral and maxillary barbels; lips fringed; lower lip sepa- 

 rated by a sulcus from lower jaw, which has a sharp edge. 



Labiobarbus 

 16. Mouth conspicuously inferior. 

 26a. A well-marked annular eyelid ; last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticu- 

 lated ; branched dorsal rays 8 or 9. 

 27a. Snout obliquely truncate, with a small median lobe ; mouth below lower 

 level of eyes; nostrils nearer to tip of snout than to eyes; lips 



continuous Amblyrhynchichthys 



276. Snout evenly rounded, with a large median lobe ; mouth above lower 

 level of eyes; nostrils nearer to eyes than to tip of snout; lips joined 



by a frenulum Xenocheilichthys 



266. Annular eyelid, if present, not well marked ; branched dorsal rays 8 to 18. 

 28a. Last simple dorsal ray osseous and denticulated ; branched dorsal rays 8 ; 



lips fully papillate Papillocheilus 



286. Last simple dorsal ray nonosseous and nondenticulated ; lips not 

 papillate. 



