FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 119 



length, which reaches 3 to ventral origm; ventral length 2 in head; 

 front subcaudal edge 1%; caudal 4ji^ in rest of body; first dorsal 

 length 31/2- 



Dark gray above and below. Fins, including first dorsal edged 

 blackish. Length, 1,720 mm. (Jordan and Snyder.) 



Japan. Also in the Atlantic. According to Regan reaches 3,000 

 mm. 



Family CARCHARIIDAE 



Body rather elongated, compressed. Tail long, compressed, with- 

 out lateral fold. Head depressed, tapering. Snout short, sharp; 

 tapering. Eyes small, without nictitating folds. Mouth wide, large, 

 greatly arched, labial fold on lower jaws. Teeth awl-shaped, large, 

 long, slender, narrow, bases 2-rooted. Nostrils transverse. Gill 

 openings wide, before pectoral. Spiracle small. Two dorsals, 

 moderate, first dorsal median or little behind middle in trunk, second 

 dorsal and anal rather large. Caudal elongate, with notch at tip. 

 Caudal pits present. Pectorals rather short. 



Sharks of large or moderate size, very voracious. Many fossils 

 have been described from the Eocene and later deposits. 



ANALYSIS OF GENERA 



a\ Carchabiinae. Snout short; mouth somewhat protractile; dorsals, ventrals 

 and anal subequal ; upper caudal pit distinct; subcaudal produced. 



Carcharias 



a". SoAPANOBHYNCHiNAE. Snout extended ; mouth greatly protractile ; dorsals 

 smaller than ventrals and anal; caudal pit indistinct; subcaudal not 

 produced Scapanorhynchus 



Genus CARCHARIAS Rafinesque 



Carcharias Rafinesque, Caratteri animali piaute Sicilia, p. 10, 1810. (Type, 



Carcharias taiirus Rafinesque, monotypic. ) 

 Odmtaspis Aqassiz, Recherchee poiss. foss., vol. 3, p. 55, 1835; Poissons fos- 



siles, vol. 3, pp. 87, 306, 1836. (Type, Squalws fcrox Risso, monotypic.) 

 Triglochis Mijllee and Henle, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1837, p. 113. 



(Atypic.) (Type, Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, Arch. Naturg., 1837, p. 396, 



monotypic.) 

 Eugomphodus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1861, p. 60. (Type, 



Squalus littoralis Mitchill— Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, monotypic.) 

 Oxytes GiEBEL, Fauna Vorwelt, Fische, p. 364, 1847. (Type, Oxijtes oUiqua 



Giebel, monotypic.) (Fossil.) 

 Synodontaspis White, Vertebrate Faunas English Eocene, p. 51, 1931. (Type, 



Carcharias taurus Rafinesque.) 

 Parodontaspis White, op. cit., p. 63. (Type, Odontaspi^ platensis Lahille.) 



Body partly fusiform. Tail with vertebral axis nearly horizontal. 

 Head moderate. Teeth with or without denticles each side of large 

 median cusp. Gill openings low, subinferior. Spiracle behind eye. 



156861—40 9 



