FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 205 



Mustelus laevis Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe m6rid., Poissons, vol. 3, 182G, p. 127 



(type locality: Nice). — Claek, Rep. Sci. Res. Scotia, Scot. Nat. Antarct. 



Exped., vol. 4, p. 395, 1915 (Cape Colony). 

 Galeorhinus laevis Gaeman, Mem. Mus. Comp. ZooL, vol. 36, p. 176, pi. 4, figs. 



4-9, pi. 60, figs. 1-4, 1913 (France; New York). 

 Mustelus equestris Bonaparte, Icon. Fauna Ital., Pesci, vol. 3, pt. 2, fasc. 7, 



descr., pi. fig. 2, 1834 (type locality: Italy). 



Depth 7I/2 to 8 to subcaudal origin; head 5 to 6, width ll^ to 1%- 

 Snout 2 to 2% in head ; eye 41/3 to 61/5, Wz to 2% in snout, 5 to 51/2 

 in interorbital ; mouth width 2% to 31/2 in head, length 2% to 3 in 

 width, end of mandible slightly before front eye edge ; outside mouth 

 angle rather long fold forms flap projecting posteriorly, though 

 groove distinct posteriorly around it short along upper jaw ; teeth in 

 55 rows, bkint, tubercular; nostrils midway in preoral, internarial 

 half preoral length; interorbital 2I/2 to 2% in head, slightly convex- 

 Third gill opening deepest, last 2 over pectoral. 



Scales minute. 



First dorsal origin well behind pectoral base, over hind inner 

 pectoral angle, front fin edge IYq to 1% in head ; front edge of second 

 dorsal 1% to 1% ; anal origin opposite middle of second dorsal base, 

 front fin edge 2 to 2^4 in head ; least depth of caudal peduncle 5^ to 

 6% ; caudal 3% to 3% in rest of body ; front subcaudal edge 2 to 2^4 

 in head; pectoral 1 to 1%, width 1% to 2 in its length; ventral li^ 

 to 1% in head. 



Dull gray-brown above, or pale gray to olive. Under surface of 

 body whitish. Upper fins gray, paired fins paler below. Young 

 often with blackish on dorsals and caudal terminally and hind fin 

 edges pale. 



Atlantic, South Africa. 



A.N.S.P. Nos. 617-620. Italy. C. L. Bonaparte. Length, 225 to 664 mm. Types 

 of Mustelus equestris. 



Subgenus Mustelus Linck 



MUSTELUS MANAZO Bleeker 



Mustelus manazo Bleekeb, Verb. Batav. Genootsch. (Japan), vol. 26, pp. 42, 

 126, 1857 (type locality: Nagasaki). — Dum6bil, Hist. Nat. Elasmobr., vol. 

 1, p. 403, 1865 (copied). — Gunthee, Cat. Fishes British Museum, vol. 8, 

 p. 387, 1870 (Japan; Ceylon?) ; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, ser. 4, vol. 13, p. 154, 

 1874 (Chef 00). —Bleekeb, Nederland. Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 4, p. 119, 1874 

 (Amoy).— Day, Fishes of India, pt. 4, p. 720, pi. 186, fig. 3, 1878 (Kurra- 

 chee). — Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1880, p. 926 (Ningpo). — Day, 

 Fishes of India, Suppl., p. 24, 1888 (Kurrachee) ; Fauna British India, 

 vol 1, p. 24, 1889 (fig. copied) (India; Japan). — Boitlengeb, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 London, 1889, p. 243 (Muscat). — Steindachner, Ann. Hofmus. Wien, vol. 11, 

 p. 224, 1896 (Kobe, Hiogo, Nagasaki). — Ishikawa and Matsuuea, Prelim. 

 Cat. Fishes Mus. Tokyo, p. 62, 1897. — Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., vol. 23, p. 336, 1900 (Tokyo) ; Annot. Zool. Japan., vol. 3, pts. 



